十六国北朝时期的素和氏及和士开族属问题  

The issue of the Suhe clan and the genealogy of He Shikai during the Sixteeen Kingdom and the Northern Dynasty period

作　　者：吴洪琳 张梓轩 Wu Honlin;Zhang Zixuan

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学中国西部边疆研究院

出　　处：《西域研究》2023年第2期16-25,170,共11页The Western Regions Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项重大招标项目“中原地区与西域各民族交往交流交融史料整理与研究”(项目编号:LSYZD21005)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：素和氏应来自于史书所载“勿吉”傍之“素和国”,非鲜卑檀石槐之支裔,林宝之所以有如此记载,是他将檀石槐联盟中三部之一的鲜卑大人素利误为素和;而且白部与素和氏也没有关系;十六国北朝时期主要活动着三支和氏,分别改自素和氏、来自汝南郡和峤,以及来自河西或西域地区;而与和士开相关的几方墓志,都将其族源与“金山”联系在一起,不论金山是今阿尔泰山还是河西地区,总之和士开一族应该来自于河西或西域地区,正好契合了史载其先为“西域商胡”,而非“本姓素和”,之所以出现“本姓素和”的原因,是与和士开同僚所说的和士开“素有和氏之庶孽”有关。The Suhe clan should have originated from the"Suhe State"adjacent to the"Wuji"region as recorded in Shiji,rather than being a branch of the descendants of the Xianbei Tan Shihuai.The reason why Lin Bao recorded as such is because he confused the adult Suli,one of the three division leaders of the Tan Shihuai tribal alliance,with Suhe.Moreover,there was no linkage between the Baibu and Suhe clans.There were three major branches of the He family during the Sixteeen Kingdom and the Northern Dynasty period.They either adapted from the Suhe clan,originated from He Qiao of the Runan county,or came from the Hexi area or the Western region respectively.Although several epitaphs related to He Shikai have linked his ancestry to the"Jinshan"region.Whether this"Jinshan"refers to the Altai Mountain or the Hexi area nowadays is unclear,but either way,it suggests that the He Shikai's clan should have originated from the Hexi area or the Western region.This argument corresponds to the historical record which states his ancestor as being"the Hu merchant from the Western Region",rather than"originally surnamed Suhe".The reason of the appearance of the claim"(being)originally surnamed Suhe"is related to the statement that He Shikai"always bears the sin of the illegitimate lineage of the He family"made by his colleagues.

关 键 词：素和氏 和士开 西域商胡 

分 类 号：K827[历史地理—历史学]