个体化可调式颅骨牵引体位垫在颅骨牵引治疗中的应用效果分析  

Efficacy of individualized adjustable skull traction pad in skull traction treatment

作　　者：史凡凡 赵玉华 陈楠 吴孝琦 张承旻 罗飞 方青 SHI Fanfan;ZHAO Yuhua;CHEN Nan;WU Xiaoqi;ZHANG Chengmin;LUO Fei;FANG Qing(Department of Orthopaedics,Orthopedic Surgery Center,First Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院骨科,全军矫形外科中心,重庆400038

出　　处：《陆军军医大学学报》2023年第12期1337-1342,共6页Journal of Army Medical University

基　　金：陆军军医大学优秀人才库重点扶持对象个性化培养方案(XZ-2019-505-021)。

摘　　要：目的探讨个体化可调式颅骨牵引体位垫在颅骨牵引治疗中的临床应用效果。方法选取2017年7月至2022年5月在陆军军医大学第一附属医院骨科病区收治的寰枢椎脱位行颅骨牵引治疗的患者41例,根据体位管理方式分为观察组和对照组,其中对照组使用传统填塞方法:软枕垫高肩部,木枕或毛巾卷垫于颈后,并用盐袋置于两侧固定头部的方法进行颅骨牵引体位管理。观察组采用个体化可调式颅骨牵引体位垫进行体位管理。比较两组患者牵引复位所需时间、舒适度评价及并发症发生率,并进行统计学分析。结果观察组牵引复位所需时间[(108.76±47.81)h]明显低于对照组牵引复位所需时间[(226.40±177.13)h,P<0.05]。观察组牵引治疗期间并发症发生率(19.1%)低于对照组(65.0%),观察组、对照组舒适度评分分别为(4.0±1.1)、(4.9±1.5)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论自制的个体化可调式颅骨牵引体位垫在颅骨牵引治疗中较传统填塞方法可缩短牵引复位所需时间,从而提升牵引效率,提高患者牵引过程中舒适度,减少并发症发生。Objective To investigate the effects of individualized adjustable pad for skull traction in the skull traction treatment.MethodsA total of 41 patients with atlantoaxial dislocation who received skull traction treatment in our department between July 2017 and May 2022 were recruited and divided into observation and control groups according to the postural management.The patients of the control group received traditional management for position management(using soft pillows to elevate the shoulders,wooden pillows or towel rolls to pad the back of the neck,and salt bags placed on both sides to fix the head),and those from the observation group used the individualized adjustable skull traction pad for immobilization.The time required for traction repositioning,comfort evaluation and incidence of complications in the 2 groups were observed and statistically analyzed.ResultsThe time required for traction repositioning(108.76±47.81 vs 226.40±177.13 h,P<0.05)was significantly shorter,while the incidence of complications during traction treatment(19.1%vs 65.0%)was obviously lower in the observation group than the control group.Statistical difference was seen in the comfort level between the 2 groups(4.0±1.1 vs 4.9±1.5,P<0.05).ConclusionCompared with the traditional method,the individualized adjustable skull traction pad can significantly shorten the time of traction repositioning,and increase the efficiency of traction,improve the comfort of patients during traction,and reduce the occurrence of complications.

关 键 词：个体化可调式体位垫 颅骨牵引 临床效果 

分 类 号：R197.39[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R454.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R681.53