伊拉克库尔德人自治运动与美国外交政策(1961—1975)  

Iraqi Kurds Autonomy Movement and American Foreign Policy(1961-1975)

作　　者：哈冠群 HA Guan-qun(School of Politics and Public Administration,Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi’an 710122,China)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学政治与公共管理学院,陕西西安710122

出　　处：《内蒙古民族大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期50-58,共9页Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University：Social Sciences

基　　金：2020年国家社科基金项目西部项目“隔岸平衡视域下美国对库尔德民族主义政策研究(1961—1975)”(项目编号:20XSS010);陕西省高校青年创新团队“铸牢中华民族共同体意识的法治保障”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：20世纪60年代初至70年代中期,伊拉克库尔德人自治运动开启第一波高潮。其间,美国对伊拉克库尔德人的政策历经两次调整,由漠视库尔德人的政治诉求转为援助库尔德民主党的武装部队,最终又转为放弃支持库尔德人的民族事业。政策不断调整的背后蕴含着美国对库尔德人政策的逻辑,即以美国在中东地区的核心利益为中轴,以美国与主权国家的双边关系为限度,受到隔岸平衡战略的深刻影响。这决定了美国对伊拉克库尔德人的态度会始终徘徊于政治冷漠与暗中干预之间,亦是美国拒绝支持伊拉克库尔德人独立建国的根本原因。From the early 1960s to the mid-1970s,the Kurds autonomy in Iraq started the first wave.The American policy towards the Iraqi Kurds experienced two adjustments during this time,which changed from ignoring the political appeal of the Kurds to aiding the armed forces of Kurds Democratic Party,and finally abandoning the support towards the causes of Kurds nationalism.The constant adjustment of American policy towards the Iraqi Kurds had its own logic,which emphasize the center of the U.S.key benefits in the Middle East,and the limit of the bilateral relationship between the U.S and the sovereign state.It was closely related to the offshore balance strategy of United State.This stand point determines that U.S policy towards Iraqi Kurds always teeter between the political apathy and the surreptitious intervention.It is also the primary cause of U.S.refusing to support the Kurds independence.

关 键 词：伊拉克库尔德人 美国中东政策 隔岸平衡战略 

分 类 号：K377.5[历史地理—历史学]