冻融及盐碱双重胁迫对苜蓿幼苗营养器官矿质离子吸收及运输的影响  

Effects of Double Stress of Freezing Thawing and Saline Alkali on the Absorption and Transportation of Mineral Ions in the Vegetative Organs of Alfalfa Seedlings

作　　者：朱琨[1] 方志坚 李帅 王巍 李波[1] ZHU Kun;FANG Zhi-jian;LI Shuai;WANG Wei;LI Bo(College of Life Sciences,Agriculture and Forestry Qiqihar Universit,Heilonhjiang Province key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang Province 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院,抗性基因工程与寒地生物多样性保护黑龙江省重点实验室,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第6期1818-1825,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(145109312);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(黑[2022]TG14号);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(S202210232024,S202210232026S)资助。

摘　　要：我国东北盐渍区春季常发生冻融现象,为探究冻融和盐碱双重胁迫对苜蓿矿质离子吸收和转运的影响,本研究以‘龙牧807’苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)幼苗为试材,对其进行冻融循环(Freezing-thaw cycle,FT)和冻融循环+盐碱(Freezing-thaw cycle and saline-alkali,FT+SA)胁迫,分析FT和FT+SA胁迫对苜蓿幼苗营养器官矿质离子吸收及运输能力的影响。结果表明:苜蓿幼苗在FT和FT+SA胁迫下,根部Na^(+)含量增加,而茎和叶部Na^(+)含量降低,且根、茎、叶部K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Fe^(3+),Mn^(2+),Zn^(2+),Cu^(2+)含量和K^(+)/Na^(+),Ca^(2+)/Na^(+),Mg^(2+)/Na^(+)比值均降低,在FT+SA胁迫下降低的水平高于FT胁迫;根部对Mg^(2+)选择性运输能力高于K^(+)和Ca^(2+),茎和叶部K^(+)运输能力高于Mg^(2+)和Ca^(2+),根部限Na^(+)能力和抑制K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)选择性运输能力以及茎向叶部选择性运输K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)的能力均为FT+SA胁迫高于FT。各离子间相关性较高,共同维系植株的离子平衡。FT和FT+SA胁迫影响苜蓿幼苗对上述矿质离子在根、茎、叶营养器官的分布和运输,与苜蓿幼苗的抗寒和抗盐碱有一定的相关性。Freezing and thawing often occur in spring in saline areas of the Northeast China.In order to explore the effects of freeze-thaw and saline-alkali stress on the absorption and transport of mineral ions in alfalfa,in this study,‘Longmu 807’alfalfa seedlings were used as test materials to investigate the effects of the freeze-thaw cycle(freezing-thaw cycle,FT)and freeze-thaw cycle+saline-alkali(freezing-thaw cycle and saline-alkali,FT+SA)stresses on the mineral elements absorption and transportation in the vegetative organs of alfalfa seedlings.The results showed that under FT and FT+SA stresses,the content of Na^(+)in roots of alfalfa seedlings increased,while the content of Na^(+)in stems and leaves decreased;however,the contents of K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Fe^(3+),Mn^(2+),Zn^(2+),Cu^(2+)and the ratios of K^(+)/Na^(+),Ca^(2+)/Na^(+),Mg^(2+)/Na^(+)decreased in root,stem and leaf,and the reduction level under FT+SA stress was higher than that under FT stress.The selective transport capacity of Mg^(2+)in roots is higher than that of K^(+)and Ca^(2+),and the K^(+)transport capacity from stems to leaves is higher than that of Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+).Ability to limiting Na^(+)and inhibiting K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)selective transport in the root,and the ability of stem to selectively transport K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)to leaves is higher under FT+SA stress than those under FT stress.The correlation between the ions is relatively high,which jointly maintains the ion balance of the plant.Under FT and FT+SA stresses,the distribution and transportation of the above mineral ions were affected in roots,stems and leaves of alfalfa seedlings,which was related to the cold and saline-alkali resistance of alfalfa seedlings.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 冻融循环+盐碱胁迫 营养器官 矿质离子 离子稳态平衡 

分 类 号：S963.223.3[农业科学—水产养殖]