违约精神损害赔偿制度的实体与程序之维——以《民法典》第996条的适用为中心  

The Substantive and Procedural Dimensions of the Compensation System for Moral Damages for Breach of Contract

作　　者：王梦婷 WANG Mengting(The School of International Law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 10029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学国际法学院,北京102249

出　　处：《宁波开放大学学报》2023年第2期88-93,共6页Journal of Ningbo Open University

摘　　要：《民法典》第996条填补了我国违约精神损害赔偿制度的空缺,面对混乱无序的司法实践,有必要从实体法和程序法两个维度探析本条的适用路径。损害人格权的要件宜扩张至人身权益受损的情形。由于精神损害赔偿的独立性及违约精神损害赔偿的正当性,兼顾《民法典》体系自洽的需要,应将本条中的精神损害赔偿纳入违约责任框架。在请求权自由竞合说和旧实体法说的理论框架下,不宜坚持“择一行使,择一消灭”的司法模式,客观预备合并之诉是衔接违约精神损害赔偿制度的应然选择。Article 996 of the Civil Code fills the vacancy of the compensation system for moral damages caused by breaching contract in China.In the face of confusing and disorderly judicial practice,there is necessity to explore the application path of Article 996 of the Civil Code from the two dimensions of substantive law and procedural law.The elements of personality rights damage should be extended to situations where personal rights and interests are infringed.Due to the independence of compensation for moral damages,the legitimacy of moral damages compensation for breach of contract,and the self-consistency of the Civil Code,the compensation for moral damages in Article 996 of the Civil Code should be incorporated into the framework of liability for breach of contract.On the basis of the theory of free concurrence of claims and the traditional old substantive law theory,it is not appropriate to adhere to the judicial model of“to exercising one,to eliminate one”,while the objective preliminary joinder of actions is a logical choice to connect with Article 996 of the Civil Code.

关 键 词：违约精神损害赔偿 《民法典》第996条 请求权竞合 客观预备合并 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]