防卫限度判断的实践逻辑、理论分野与解决方案  

Practical Logic,Theoretical Disputes and Solutions of Criterion of Defense Limit

作　　者：辛有仪 XIN Youyi(School of Criminal Law,Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学刑事法学院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《宁波开放大学学报》2023年第2期94-99,105,共7页Journal of Ningbo Open University

摘　　要：防卫限度是正当防卫与防卫过当的界限,而对于其判断标准,我国实务界和理论界众说纷纭,未曾达成统一的结论。司法机关“同案不同判”、理论与实践观点不一致等问题层出不穷。因此,理论界与实务界应当统一防卫限度的判断标准。梳理有关防卫限度判断标准的不同实务观点,可以通观争议产生的理论原因。结合我国《刑法》的具体规定,将正当防卫的正当化根据定位于个体权利保护原则与法确证原则,得出选择“必需说”作为必要限度判断依据的结论。结合具体案例,检验防卫限度的判断步骤和标准。Defense limit is the boundary between justifiable defense and excessive defense.However,there are different opinions on its judgment criteria in Chinese judicial practice and theoretical circle,and a unified conclusion has not been reached.When dealing with specific cases,problems such as“different judgments in the similar cases”and inconsistency between theoretical views and practical views emerge one after another.Therefore,judicial practice and theoretical circle should unify the judgment criteria of defense limit.According to different practical views on the judgment criteria of defense limit,we can find the theoretical reasons for disputes.Combined with the specific provisions of Chinese Criminal Law,the justifiable grounds of justifiable defense are based on the principles of safeguarding individual rights and legal order protection,which draws the conclusion that“necessity theory”is selected as the basis for judging the necessary limit.Finally,test the steps and standards of defense limit judgment with specific cases.

关 键 词：正当防卫 防卫限度 正当化根据 必需说 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学]