4BM-780型黄、红麻剥皮机的设计与试验  

Design and Test of 4BM-780 Jute and Kenaf Decorticating Machine

作　　者：刘佳杰[1] 马兰[1] 向伟 颜波 段益平 龙超海[1] 吕江南[1] LIU Jiajie;MA Lan;XIANG Wei;YAN Bo;DUAN Yiping;LONG Chaohai;LYU Jiangnan(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410221,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,湖南长沙410221

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2023年第3期128-135,共8页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家麻类产业技术体系资助(CARS-16-E21);中国农业科学院创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-IBFC06)。

摘　　要：针对现有中小型黄、红麻剥皮机剥麻工效低的问题,研究了一种多速差高效分离装置,设计了一种大型黄、红麻剥皮机样机。该机主要由喂入装置、剥皮装置、输出装置、传动系统及控制系统5个部分组成。根据黄、红麻茎秆的物料特性以及剥制时的力学特性,通过理论计算与试验分析,确定了机器剥皮装置主要结构及其设计参数。机器的剥皮装置由碾压夹持滚筒、螺旋揉搓滚筒、梳理分离滚筒组成。碾压夹持辊筒线速度为2.10 m/s,滚筒直径200 mm;螺旋揉搓滚筒线速度为2.72 m/s,滚筒直径为260 mm;梳理分离滚筒线速度为4.39 m/s,滚筒直径为280 mm。对样机进行生产性能试验,结果表明:鲜茎出皮率为43.44%,鲜皮含杂率为12.54%,生产率(鲜茎)2481 kg/h,满足生产要求。该研究丰富了黄、红麻剥制机具类型,为其规模化生产提供了技术支撑,同时为黄、红麻联合收剥一体机的设计与开发提供了系统的理论依据及应用基础。In order to improve the efficiency of the existing small and medium-sized jute and kenaf decorticating machine,a decorticatingseparation device with muti speed differential roller was studied,and a large-scale jute and kenaf decorticating machine prototype was designed.The machine was mainly composed of five parts:feeding device,decorticating device,output device,transmission system and control system.According to the material properties of jute and kenaf stalks and the mechanical properties during decorticatingseparation,the main structure and design parameters of the machine decorticating de-vice were determined through theoretical calculation and experimental analysis.The decorticating device of the machine was composed of a rolling clamping roller,a spiral kneading roller and a combing and separating roller.The linear speed of rolling clamping roller was 2.10 m/s,and the diameter of roller was 200 mm;The linear speed of a spiral kneading roller was 2.72 m/s,and the diameter of the roller was 260 mm;The linear speed of the combing and separating rollerwas 4.39 m/s,and the diameter of the rollerwas 280 mm.The production performance test of the prototype was carried out.The test results 128 showed that the rate of fresh stem peeling was 43.44%,the rate of impurities in fresh skin was 12.54%,and the productivity(fresh stem)was 2481 kg/h,which could meet the production requirements.The research enriches the types of jute and kenaf decorticating machines and provides technical support for-large-scale production.Meanwhile,it provides a systematic theoretical basis and application basis for the design and development of jute and kenaf combine decorticating machine.

关 键 词：黄、红麻 农业工程机械 剥皮机 差速高效分离 

分 类 号：S563.4[农业科学—作物学] S563.5