违法合同无效规则的法律后果——兼论诚信原则的矫正功能  

Legal Consequences of Invalidity Rule of Illegal Contracts-On Corrective Function of the Principle of Good Faith

作　　者：高郦梅 GAO Limei(Civil,Commercial and Economic Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期20-29,共10页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“健全以公平为原则的产权保护制度研究”(20ZDA049)。

摘　　要：违法合同无效规则是指强制性规范自身包含法律后果的情形。当违法合同无效法律后果有悖诚信原则时,诚信原则对违法合同无效规则的适用性基础包括:一方面,诚信原则与违法合同无效规则在同一案件中的规范效果相抵触;另一方面,诚信原则矫正功能的范围可以涵摄违法合同无效的不公正法律后果。既有的单一解释路径存在局限,对此应当确立场景化的条件式优先关系,建立以诚信原则为中心的多维解释路径。在司法实践中,诚信原则对违法合同无效后果矫正的关键在于寻找案件核心要点、证成条件式优先关系。诚信原则在违法合同无效裁判中的具体适用可以归纳为:第一,查明当事人是否存在违背诚信原则的行为;第二,权衡诚信原则与违法合同无效规则在个案中的实现重要性;第三,检验此种优先关系能否被普遍接受。The rule of invalidity of illegal contracts refers to the situation in which the imperative rule itself contains legal consequences.When the legal consequences of invalid contracts go against the principle of good faith,the basis for the applicability of the principle of good faith to the invalidity rule of illegal contracts includes 2 aspects:first of all,the principle of good faith and the rule of invalidity of illegal contracts are in conflict with the normative effect in the same case;in the second place,the scope of the corrective function of the principle of good faith can cover the unfair legal consequences of the invalidity of illegal contracts.Existing unilateral interpretation approaches approach centered on the principle of good faith should be established.In judicial practice,the key to the correction of invalid consequences of illegal contracts by the principle of good faith lies in finding the core points of the case and the conditional priority relationship.The corrective steps for the invalidity of an illegal contract by the principle of good faith can be summarized as follows:first,find out whether the parties concerned have violated the principle of good faith;second,weigh the importance of the realization of the principle of good faith and the rule of invalidity of illegal contracts in individual cases;third,test whether this priority relationship can be generally accepted.

关 键 词：诚实信用 违法合同无效规则 条件式优先关系 权衡 

分 类 号：DF521[政治法律—民商法学] DF418[政治法律—法学]