水灾害类型化的法律意义初探  

A Preliminary Study on the Legal Significance of Water Disaster Typology

作　　者：郑永红 ZHENG Yonghong(School of Law,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学法学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《华北水利水电大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期78-84,共7页Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省“十四五”普通高等教育规划教材一般项目(教高[2020]469号);华北水利水电大学2022年度校级规划教材建设项目(华水政[2022]117号)。

摘　　要：水灾害是水安全中的疑难问题,包括水量异常现象、水量异常持续的过程和水量异常对人类社会及经济发展造成的严重损害3个方面的含义。为使有关主体根据水灾害的类别有针对性地编制应急预案和落实国家紧急权,水灾害应分为“特别重大、重大和一般”3种级别;水灾害监测制度的体系化和预警信息处理主体的确定,均要求按照原生水灾害与次生水灾害的分类展开;突发水灾害和常规水灾害的分类则有助于完善突发水灾害的预警和应急救援法律制度。Water disaster is an old unresolved problem of water security,including three aspects of implications:the phenomenon of water quantity anomaly itself,the continuous process of water quantity anomaly,and the serious damage caused by water quantity anomaly to human society and economic development.In order to enable the relevant entities to formulate emergency plans and implement the national emergency power in a targeted manner according to the types of water disasters,water disasters should be classified into three levels:“extremely serious,major and general”;the systematization of water disaster monitoring systems and the determination of corresponding subject of early-warning information processing,are both required to be carried out according to the classification of primary water disasters and secondary water disasters;the classification of sudden water disasters and conventional water disasters;and the classification of water disasters.The classification of sudden water disasters and conventional water disasters will help to improve the legal system of early warning and emergency rescue of sudden water disasters.

关 键 词：水灾害 类型化 法律意义 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]