防飞溅剂对焊接过程的影响分析  

Effect analysis of anti-spatter fluid on welding process

作　　者：纪昂 张立平 彭根琛 JI Ang;ZHANG Liping;PENG Genchen(Jiangsu XCMG Construction Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou 221004,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司,江苏徐州221004

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第6期111-116,共6页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：针对焊接防飞溅剂在实际应用中可能出现的使用过量或局部累积现象进行了表面堆焊试验研究,分析不同类型、累积量的防飞溅剂在焊接过程中的状态变化及其对焊接过程中熔池流动性、电弧稳定性以及焊缝成形的影响。结果表明,油基防飞溅剂累积量一旦大于0.045 mL/cm^(2),便会有部分防飞溅剂进入熔池,从而降低熔池的流动性,导致焊丝液态熔敷金属堆积在电弧的后方,同时防飞溅剂会与电弧直接接触。水基防飞溅剂在电弧高温和压力的作用下会向前推进并迅速挥发,即使累积量为0.227 mL/cm^(2)仍不会进入熔池,因此并不会影响熔池的流动性。水基防飞溅剂对应的电弧稳定性明显优于油基防飞溅剂,特别是当累积量小于等于0.09 mL/cm^(2)时,这种差距最为明显。两类防飞溅剂作用下,焊缝整体成形基本一致,仅焊缝熔深较无防飞溅剂的降低约0.5 mm,而焊缝余高和熔宽并无明显变化。In order to study the effect of anti-spatter fluid overuse and accumulation during welding process,overlaying tests are implemented to analyze the state changes of different types and accumulation of anti-spatter fluid in the welding process and its effect on molten pool fluidity,arc stability and weld geometry.The results show that once the accumulated amount of oil-based anti-spatter fluid is greater than 0.045 mL·cm^(-2),some of the anti-spatter fluid will enter into the molten pool,which in turn reduces the fluidity of the molten pool,resulting in the accumulation of molten metal behind the arc,while the anti-spatter fluid will be in direct contact with the arc.The water-based anti-spatter fluid moves forward and evaporates rapidly under the arc heat plus pressure and does not enter into the molten pool even at accumulation of 0.227 mL·cm^(-2),thus it has no influence on the fluidity of the molten pool.The arc stability of the water-based anti-spatter fluid is significantly better than that of the oil-based anti-spatter fluid,especially when the accumulated amount is less than 0.09 mL·cm^(-2).Under the influence of two types of anti-spatter fluids,the overall weld geometry is basically the same and only weld penetration is about 0.5 mm lower than that without anti-spatter fluids,while the weld reinforcement and width have no evident changes.

关 键 词：防飞溅剂 熔池流动性 电弧稳定性 焊缝成形 

分 类 号：TG444.2[金属学及工艺—焊接]