Robust Watermarking Algorithm for Medical Images Based on Non-Subsampled Shearlet Transform and Schur Decomposition  

作　　者：Meng Yang Jingbing Li Uzair Aslam Bhatti Chunyan Shao Yen-Wei Chen 

机构地区：[1]School of Information and Communication Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China [3]Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering,Ritsumeikan University,Kyoto,5258577,Japan

出　　处：《Computers, Materials & Continua》2023年第6期5539-5554,共16页计算机、材料和连续体（英文）

基　　金：supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62063004;the Key Research Project of Hainan Province under Grant ZDYF2021SHFZ093;the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 2019RC018 and 619QN246;the postdoctoral research from Zhejiang Province under Grant ZJ2021028.

摘　　要：With the development of digitalization in healthcare,more and more information is delivered and stored in digital form,facilitating people’s lives significantly.In the meanwhile,privacy leakage and security issues come along with it.Zero watermarking can solve this problem well.To protect the security of medical information and improve the algorithm’s robustness,this paper proposes a robust watermarking algorithm for medical images based on Non-Subsampled Shearlet Transform(NSST)and Schur decomposition.Firstly,the low-frequency subband image of the original medical image is obtained by NSST and chunked.Secondly,the Schur decomposition of low-frequency blocks to get stable values,extracting the maximum absolute value of the diagonal elements of the upper triangle matrix after the Schur decom-position of each low-frequency block and constructing the transition matrix from it.Then,the mean of the matrix is compared to each element’s value,creating a feature matrix by combining perceptual hashing,and selecting 32 bits as the feature sequence.Finally,the feature vector is exclusive OR(XOR)operated with the encrypted watermark information to get the zero watermark and complete registration with a third-party copyright certification center.Experimental data show that the Normalized Correlation(NC)values of watermarks extracted in random carrier medical images are above 0.5,with higher robustness than traditional algorithms,especially against geometric attacks and achieve watermark information invisibility without altering the carrier medical image.

关 键 词：Non-Subsampled Shearlet Transform(NSST) Schur decomposition perceptual hashing chaotic mapping zero watermark 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]