Quantum-Enhanced Blockchain: A Secure and Practical Blockchain Scheme  

作　　者：Ang Liu Xiu-Bo Chen Gang Xu Zhuo Wang Xuefen Feng Huamin Feng 

机构地区：[1]Information Security Center,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,100876,China [2]Network and Information Management Division,Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute,Beijing,100070,China [3]School of Information Science and Technology,North China University of Technology,Beijing,100144,China [4]School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing University of Posts Telecommunications,Beijing,100876,China [5]Mathematics Teaching and Research Center,Beijing Fengtai Yihai High School,Beijing,100070,China [6]General Office,Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute,Beijing,100070,China

出　　处：《Computers, Materials & Continua》2023年第7期259-277,共19页计算机、材料和连续体（英文）

基　　金：supported byResearch on SatelliteQuantumKeyNetwork Security Architecture(No.AHY180500);This work was supported by the Research on Digital Identity Trust System for Massive Heterogeneous Terminals in Road Traffic System(No.2022YFB3104402);This work was supported in part by National Key RD Program of China(No.2018YFB0803401);in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant 2019M650606;in part by First-class Discipline Construction Project of Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute(No.3201012).

摘　　要：The rapid advancement of quantum technology poses significant security risks to blockchain systems.However,quantum technology can also provide solutions for enhancing blockchain security.In this paper,we propose a quantum-enhanced blockchain scheme to achieve a high level of security against quantum computing attacks.We first discuss quantum computing attacks on classic blockchains,including attacks on hash functions,digital signatures,and consensus mechanisms.We then introduce quantum technologies,such as a quantum hash function(QHF),a quantum digital signature(QDS),and proof of authority(PoA)consensus mechanism,into our scheme to improve the security of the blockchain system.Our security analysis demonstrates that our scheme offers superior security against quantum and classic attacks.Finally,we compare our scheme with previous works,showing that our scheme has achieved a perfect balance in terms of practicality,reliability,scalability,and efficiency.Overall,this work contributes to the ongoing research on quantum blockchain in the quantum era.

关 键 词：Quantum blockchain quantum hash function quantum digital signature 

分 类 号：TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]