基于PLC技术的播种机电气控制系统研究  

Research on Electric Control System of Seeder Based on PLC Technology

作　　者：汪春华[1] Wang Chunhua(Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing,Xinxiang Institute of Vocational Technology,Xinxiang 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡职业技术学院智能制造学院,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第11期140-143,155,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61401003)。

摘　　要：以马铃薯播种机为研究对象,设计一种基于PLC技术的电气控制系统。系统通过液压马达代替传统的链轮装置控制株距大小,通过步进电机代替原来的振幅调节手柄实现振幅调节。工作时,以西门子的S7-200型PLC为核心控制器,各路传感器实时采集地轮速度、液压马达速度、重播漏播信息,进行运算处理后,输出控制信号:一方面,控制液压马达驱动马铃薯种子的传输轴,并建立传输轴转速与马铃薯播种株距之间的数学模型,以此来控制马铃薯的株距;另一方面,控制步进电机的转动角度发生改变,使得薯种传输带的凸起与振动滚轮之间的相对位置发生变化,以此改变马铃薯在传输带的运行过程中的振动幅度,降低马铃薯重播、漏播现象。测试结果表明:系统基本能够控制马铃薯株距保持一致,并降低重播漏播率,提高播种精度,改善播种质量。In this paper,the potato planter as the research object,the design of an electrical control system based on PLC technology.In this system,the hydraulic motor is used to replace the traditional sprocket device to control the plant spacing,and the stepping motor is used to replace the original amplitude adjustment handle to realize amplitude adjustment.Its main working principle is to take Siemens S7-200 PLC as the core controller,each sensor real-time collection wheel speed,hydraulic motor speed,replant missing information,after processing,output control signal,on the one hand,control the hydraulic motor drive potato seed transmission shaft,in order to establish the mathematical model between the transmission shaft speed and potato planting spacing,in order to improve the efficiency on the other hand,the rotation angle of the stepper motor is controlled to change,so that the relative position between the bulge of the potato seed conveyor belt and the vibrating roller is changed,so as to change the vibration amplitude of the potato in the running process of the conveyor belt,and reduce the replaying and missing sowing phenomenon of potato.The test results show that the system can basically control the potato plant spacing to keep consistent,reduce the missing rate of replant,improve the precision of sowing,and improve the quality of sowing.

关 键 词：马铃薯播种机 PLC 电气控制系统 液压马达 步进电机 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.39[农业科学—农业工程]