回火温度对ADI组织和性能的影响  

Influence of Tempering Temperature on the Microstructure and Performance of ADI Material

作　　者：王瑞 邓晗 刘兴龙 海丰龙 潘安霞 WANG Rui;DENG Han;LIU Xinglong;HAI Fenglong;PAN Anxia(CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou,Jiangsu 213011,China;National Technological Innovation Center for High Speed Train,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司,江苏常州213011 [2]国家高速列车技术创新中心,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《轨道交通材料》2023年第2期38-41,共4页MATERIALS FOR RAIL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

摘　　要：等淬球铁零件在不同的回火温度下,会发生组织的转变,导致力学性能下降。采用单变量对比法,将等淬球铁经过不同温度处理后,通过观察金相、扫描电镜(SEM)的方法对组织进行了分析,通过拉伸试验、夏比冲击试验对强度、塑性、韧性等力学性能进行检测,得到以下结论:等淬球铁的组织转变温度在310~330℃,当回火温度高于此温度后,强度呈下降趋势,硬度几乎不变,但塑性会降低45%,冲击韧性降低67%,影响材料的正常使用。转变的原因是组织中的残余奥氏体在此温度后转变为铁素体和碳化物,降低了材料的塑性和韧性。The microstructure of ADI components could change under different tempering temperatures,possibly leading to a decrease of mechanical properties.After ADI components are treated under different temperatures by way of univariate contrast method,their microstructures are analyzed with the help of metallurgical examination and SEM method,and their mechanical properties,including strength,plasticity,toughness,etc.,are investigated through tensile test and Charpy impact test,which come to the following conclusions:the structural transformation temperature ranges from 310℃to 330℃,when the tempering temperature overtops this temperature range,the hardness of the ADI almost remains unchanged,but its strength tends to decline,while its plasticity decreases by 45%and its impact toughness reduces by 67%,jeopardizing the application of this material.

关 键 词：等温淬火球墨铸铁 奥铁体 回火温度 残余奥氏体 

分 类 号：U270.41[机械工程—车辆工程]