国际经济地理学四大学派的特点及交叉  

Intersections and key features of the four major schools in the international Economic Geography

作　　者：李小建 Li Xiaojian(Collaborative Innovation Center of Urban-Rural Coordinated Development,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;The College of Geography and Environmental Science/Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学城乡协调发展河南省协同创新中心/河南省城乡空间数据挖掘院士工作站,河南郑州450046 [2]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心/地理与环境学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《地理科学》2023年第5期816-827,共12页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971223);黄河文明省部共建协同创新中心/黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心重大项目(2020M18)资助。

摘　　要：基于理论著作和其他文献,分析经济地理学家提出并具有较大影响的政治经济地理、制度经济地理学、演化经济地理学和关系经济地理学四大学派的特点和交叉,认为:政治经济地理与制度经济地理学在制度研究上有交叉;政治经济地理与演化经济地理学都重视“过程”或“演化”研究;政治经济地理与关系经济地理学在人与组织关系上有共同之处;关系经济地理学与演化经济地理学共同注重路径依赖;演化经济地理学强调制度与经济演化的关系,关系经济地理学关注制度与经济互动的关系,它们与制度经济地理学形成交错。各学派的核心特征为:政治经济地理聚焦政治经济(生产关系)的地理过程,制度经济地理学研究特定地域制度塑造或制约经济行为及经济结果,演化经济地理学关注企业等经济主体的空间演化,关系经济地理学注重形成经济景观的各相关因素的关联作用。这些学派弥补了经济地理学规范分析的一些不足,同时在普遍规律研究上有明显缺陷。中国经济地理学理论建设在鼓励学术观点争鸣的同时,应注意兼顾现象的特殊性和理论的一般性。By examining the relevant monographs and other literature in the field,we analyze the research characteristics and theoretical intersections of four major schools of Economic Geography in the international academics:Geographical Political Economy(GPE),Institutional Economic Geography(IEG),Evolutionary Economic Geography(EEG),and Relational Economic Geography(REG),being proposed and embraced by Economic Geographers.We conclude that there are many similarities among those schools in a common context.GPE and IEG intersect in the study of institutions;PEG and EEG both emphasize the study of"process"or"evolution";and GPE and REG share commonalities in the relationship between people and organizations.REG and EEG share a common focus on path dependence;EEG emphasizes the relationship between institutions and economic evolution,while REG focuses on the relationship between institutions and economic interaction,and they cross with IEG.The core features of each school are:GPE focuses on the geographic process of political economy(production relations),IEG examines specific institutions at each place that shape or constrain economic behavior and economic outcomes,EEG focuses on the spatial evolution of economic actors such as firms and industrial clusters,and REG focuses on the interrelated role of various factors that shape the economic landscape.These schools of thought make up for some of the shortcomings of the normative analysis of Economic Geography,while forming a deficiency in the study of universal laws.Theoretical construction of Chinese Economic Geography should pay attention to the balance between the specificity of economic phenomena and the generality of theories while encouraging academic views to contend.

关 键 词：学派 经济地理学 政治经济地理 制度经济地理学 演化经济地理学 关系经济地理学 

分 类 号：F119.9[经济管理—国际贸易]