高通量测序分析西沙晋卿岛两种草食性鱼类对大型海藻的摄食差异  

Macroalgal consumption by two herbivorous coral⁃reef fish species from Jinqing Island,Xisha

作　　者：吴鹏 王腾 刘永[1,2,3] 李纯厚 凌娟[4,5] 肖雅元 林琳 WU Peng;WANG Teng;LIU Yong;LI Chunhou;LING Juan;XIAO Yayuan;LIN Lin(Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Af-fairs,Observation and Research Field Station of Pearl River Estuary Ecosystem,Guangdong Province,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute,Sanya 572018,Hainan,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province,Sanya Institute of Oce-anology,SCSIO,Sanya 572000,Hainan,China;Sanya National Marine Ecosystem Research Station,Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Sanya 572000,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东珠江口生态系统野外科学观测研究站,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广州510300 [2]三亚热带水产研究院,海南三亚572018 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广州511458 [4]三亚中科海洋研究院,海南热带海洋生物技术重点实验室,海南三亚572000 [5]中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站,海南三亚海洋生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第6期1509-1516,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0900803);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2019TS28,2021SD04);海南省自然科学基金(322MS153,322CXTD530);海南省热带海洋生物技术重点实验室开放基金(LTMB202203);农业农村部财政专项项目(NFZX2021);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121201001);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0605);广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目课题(2019B030302004⁃05);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2020TD16)资助。

摘　　要：草食性鱼类是控制珊瑚礁大型海藻暴发的关键生物。为揭示西沙珊瑚礁草食性鱼类对大型海藻种类选择性和摄食差异,本研究选取西沙晋卿岛常见的草食性鱼类横带刺尾鱼(Acanthurus triostegus)和黑身蓝子鱼(Siganus punctatissimus)为研究对象,运用18S rRNA基因的高通量测序方法分析比较了该两种鱼的食物组成变化,并探讨了两种鱼对大型海藻的摄食差异。结果表明:两种鱼的食物种类组成差异较大,横带刺尾鱼摄食的食物主要为红藻、褐藻和硅藻,而黑身蓝子鱼主要为多孔动物、褐藻和链形植物,两种鱼食物中优势OTU(operational taxonomic unit)也基本不同;两种鱼对大型海藻的摄食选择性也有差异,横带刺尾鱼仅摄食8种大型海藻,而黑身蓝子鱼可摄食16种大型海藻,横带刺尾鱼为啃食类鱼类,对草皮海藻的摄食选择性较高,而黑身蓝子鱼对多叶大型海藻摄食选择性较强。研究发现,两种鱼类在摄食珊瑚礁大型藻类和海绵等珊瑚敌害生物方面发挥潜在生态功能。Herbivorous fish plays an important role in controlling macroalgal overgrowth on coral reefs.Here,we used 18S rRNA high⁃throughput sequencing to investigate the diet composition and macroalgae consumption of two herbivorous fish(Acanthurus triostegus and Siganus punctatissimus),the common herbivores species on reefs of Jin⁃qing Island,Xisha,China.The two species differed in food composition pattern.A.triostegus fed more on Rhodo⁃phyta,Ochrophyta,and Bacillariophyta,whereas S.punctatissimus preferred Porifera,Ochrophyta,and Strepto⁃phyta.The dominant operational taxonomic unit(OTU)in the intestines also varied between the two species.Moreover,the two species showed different feeding preferences for macroalgae.The grazer A.triostegus consumed eight species of macroalgae and fed mostly on turf algae,whereas S.punctatissimus consumed 16 macroalgae species and preferred fleshy macroalgae.Our findings indicated that both A.triostegus and S.punctatissimus are important for preserving the health of coral reefs,by removing macroalgae and consuming predators of corals,namely sponges.

关 键 词：珊瑚礁 草食性鱼类 食物组成 大型海藻 18S rRNA基因 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]