基于遗传算法的风电场布置优化研究  

Wind Farm Layout Optimization Based on Genetic Algorithm

作　　者：谢寻晗 赵伟文 万德成[1] Xie Xunhan;Zhao Weiwen;Wan Decheng(Computational Marine Hydrodynamics Lab(CMHL),School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船海计算水动力学研究中心(CMHL)船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2023年第2期303-311,共9页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52131102)。

摘　　要：为了使得风电场的经济效益最大化,风电场的发展趋向于大型化,鉴于此,有限区域内多台风力发电机的尾流不可避免地存在相互干扰,而导致风电场的整体发电性能有所下降。与此同时,考量风电场的经济效益也需要同时兼顾年发电量和经济成本。该文基于Park尾流模型和遗传算法,首先以年发电量为单一优化目标,讨论在20台风机规模的风电场中进行水平布置优化、垂直布置优化以及双重布置优化策略,接着以风电场的年发电量和成本作为多重目标函数,对风电场的轮毂高度进行垂直布置优化。结果表明,垂直优化布置影响最大,年发电量提升2.7%,水平布置优化下的提升较少,双重优化策略可以降低功率输出的不均匀性。考虑建造成本后,增加了优化方案选择的多样性。In order to maximize the economic efficiency of wind farms,the development of wind farms tends to be large,and in view of this,the wake of multiple wind turbines in a limited area inevitably interferes with each other,which can make the overall power generation performance of the wind farm degraded.At the same time,the economic efficiency of wind farms needs to take into account both the annual power generation and the economic cost.In the paper,based on the Park wake model and genetic algorithm,the optimization strategies of horizontal arrangement,vertical arrangement and dual arrangement in a 20-turbine wind farm are firstly discussed with a single optimization objective of annual power generation,and then the vertical arrangement of the hub height of the wind farm is optimized with the annual power generation and cost as multiple objective functions.The results show that the vertical optimized arrangement has the greatest impact with a 2.7%increase in annual power generation,the increase under the horizontal arrangement optimization is less,and the dual optimization strategy can reduce the unevenness of power output.The diversity of optimization options increases after considering the construction cost.

关 键 词：风电场 布置优化 轮毂高度 风电成本 

分 类 号：U661.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]