南水北调中线工程水源地淡水鱼虾吸虫囊蚴感染情况调查  

Investigation on infection of trematode metacercaria in the fish and shrimp in the water source area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project

作　　者：钟敖 张涵 赵钊 李健 ZHONG Ao;ZHANG Han;ZHAO Zhao;LI Jian(School of Basic Medical Sciences,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院基础医学院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2023年第6期695-699,704,共6页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：湖北医药学院PI项目(No.HBMUPI202101);湖北省大学生创新创业训练计划省级项目(No.S202110929012)。

摘　　要：目的调查南水北调中线工程水源地淡水鱼虾吸虫囊蚴感染情况,分析区域内淡水鱼虾吸虫囊蚴感染率逐年变化规律,为中线工程区科学防治吸虫病提供决策依据。方法根据南水北调中线工程水源地汉江和丹江口水系的分布特点,采集6个地区随机捕获的淡水野生鱼虾,采用压片镜检法制作肌肉压片,根据形态、口吸盘、腹吸盘、排泄囊和囊壁厚度等特征鉴定囊蚴,统计不同淡水鱼虾吸虫囊蚴感染情况。结果共采集淡水鱼类311尾,其中100尾检出吸虫囊蚴,感染率为32.15%。4个采样点以长岭地区鱼类囊蚴感染率最高,为36.17%(34/94)。在采集的4种淡水鱼白鲦、鲫鱼、黄颡、鲈鱼中,以白鲦的感染率最高,为41.48%(129/311)。采集淡水虾日本沼虾771尾,阳性375尾,感染率为48.64%(375/771)。5个采样点淡水虾日本沼虾囊蚴感染率以茶店地区最高,为59.80%(61/102)。结论南水北调中线工程水源地野生鱼虾均存在吸虫囊蚴感染情况,应持续开展南水北调中线工程水源地相关区域淡水鱼虾吸虫囊蚴感染监测。Objective To investigate the prevalence of trematode metacercariae infection in freshwater fish and shrimp in the water sources of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,and to analyze the annual variation of the prevalence of trematode metacercariae infection in freshwater fish and shrimp in the middle route,so as to provide basis for scientific prevention and control of trematode in the middle route.Methods According to the distribution characteristics of Hanjiang River and Danjiangkou river system,the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,wild freshwater fish and shrimp randomly captured in six areas(Chadian,Changling,Hanjiang,Danjiang,Xiaochuan,Maojian)were randomly collected.The muscle compression slices were made by the direct muscle compression method,and the thickness of the muscle compression slices should be controlled at about 0.2 mm.Searching for cystic larvae under microscope based on morphology,oral sucker,ventral sucker,excretory sac and sac wall thickness characteristics.The infection of metacercariae in different freshwater fish and shrimp was analyzedand discussed.Results A total of 311 freshwater fish samples were collected,of which a total of 100 samples were found to be infected withtrematode metacercariae,with a total infection rate of 32.15%(100/311).Among the four sampling sites,the rate of metacercariae infection was the highest in Changling area,36.17%(34/94).The infection rate of Hemiculter leucisculus was the highest among the four collected freshwater fishes(Hemiculter leucisculus,Carassius auratus,Pseudobagrus fulvidraco and Pesce persico).The infection rate of Hemiculter leucisculus,Carassius auratus,Pseudobagrus fulvidraco were 48.06%(62/129),17.91%(12/67),23.85%(26/109),and no metacercaria were found in the collected Pesce persico samples.The infection rate of different fishes was different,and the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=24.335,P0.05).771 freshwater shrimp samples(Macrobrachium nipponensis)were collected,of which

关 键 词：食源性吸虫病 囊蚴 感染率 野生淡水鱼虾 南水北调中线工程水源地 

分 类 号：R383.2[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]