自杀意念向自杀未遂转变的近端和远端影响因素  

Proximal and Distal Influencing Factors During the Transition from Suicidal Ideation to Attempted Suicide

作　　者：薛朝霞[1] 张钰颖 邢清丽 李慧[2] 荆雷[1] XUE Zhao-xia;ZHANG Yu-ying;XING Qing-li;LI Hui;JING Lei(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030600,China;Shanxi Finance and Trade Vocational and Technical College,Taiyuan 030602,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学人文社会科学学院,太原030600 [2]山西财贸职业技术学院,太原030602

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2023年第3期542-548,共7页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：2018年国家社会科学基金项目“大学生自杀意念向自杀行为转变的心理机制及干预研究”(18BSH128)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨职校生自杀意念向自杀未遂转变过程中的近端和远端影响因素,为自杀预防和干预提供理论参考。方法:采用自杀问卷、自杀认知量表、挫败归属感问卷、生命意义感问卷、希望量表、冲动系统量表对9630名职校生施测,进行CRT分类决策树分析。结果:职校生近一年内主动自杀意念发生率11.8%,近半年内自杀未遂率3.9%;分类决策树分析结果显示,自杀意念为根节点,自杀认知、冲动系统、家庭阶层、挫败归属、希望和性别为子节点。结论:自杀意念是大学生自杀未遂的最重要风险因素;自杀意念向自杀行为转变过程中,自杀赞同态度为近端风险因素,冲动、挫败归属、家庭贫困和性别为远端风险因素,希望为远端保护因素。Objective:To explore the proximal and distal influencing factors during the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt for the college students form vocational and technical colleges,and to provide theoretical reference for suicide prevention and intervention.Methods:A sample of 9630 college students were measured with the suicide questionnaire,Suicide Cognition Scale,Thwarted Belongingness Questionnaire,the Presence of Meaning Questionnaire,Adult Dispositional Hope Scale,and Poor Self-control Scale.The CRT classification decision tree analysis was carried out.Results:For the college students,the incidence of active suicidal ideation in the past year was 11.8%,and the incidence of attempted suicide in the past six months was 3.9%;The results of the classification decision tree analysis showed that suicidal ideation was the root node,and suicidal cognition,impulse system,family class,frustration belonging,hope and gender were the sub-nodes.Conclusion:Suicidal ideation was the most important risk factor for suicide attempts in college students.During the transitioning process from suicidal ideation to suicidal behavior,suicidal approval attitude was the proximal risk factor,and impulsivity,frustration belonging,family poverty and gender were distal risk factors,and hope was the distal protective factor.

关 键 词：大学生 自杀意念 自杀未遂 分类决策树 自杀认知 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]