动量在现代物理中的作用  

The effect of quantity momentum in modern quantum physics

作　　者：王海军[1] WANG Hai-jun(School of Physics,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学物理学院理论物理中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《大学物理》2023年第6期1-5,23,共6页College Physics

基　　金：高等理科教育研究项目(20ZSLKJYZD10);吉林大学拔尖计划2.0研究项目(20211016)资助。

摘　　要：公众目前对经典动量的熟悉程度几乎可以和能量相媲美了,动量守恒定律深入人心,等质量小球的对心碰撞效果甚至应用在娱乐节目和舞蹈中.本文通过对量子理论中几个典型物理实例的估算来展示量子动量的应用,带领读者一步步揭露动量本质的同时,也同读者一起思考量子力学中波函数的物理内涵.Nowadays the public's familiarity with classical momentum is almost as good as energy.The law of conservation of momentum is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.The center collision effect of equal-mass balls is even used in entertainment programs and dances.This article demonstrates the application of quantum momentum by estimating several typical physical examples in quantum theory,leading readers to reveal the nature of momentum step by step,and also enable readers to deeply understand the physics of wave functions in quantum mechanics.

关 键 词：动量 德布罗意波 散射 

分 类 号：O4-1[理学—物理]