2016—2020年江西省城市饮用水微生物监测结果分析  

Microbial monitoring of urban drinking water in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2020

作　　者：鲁柯柯 何加芬[1] 付俊杰[1] 武昊 何文鑫 徐岷[1] 卢飞豹[1] 江文斌 LU Keke;HE Jiafen;FU Junjie;WU Hao;HE Wenxin;XU Min;LU Feibao;JIANG Wenbin(Institute of Environmental Health,Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330029,China;School of Public Health,Nanchang University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省疾病预防控制中心环境所,江西南昌330029 [2]南昌大学公共卫生学院,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2023年第3期253-257,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江西省卫生健康委科技计划(20162002)。

摘　　要：【目的】对2016—2020年江西省城市饮用水微生物指标进行监测,分析微生物合格率变化情况,为政府有关部门决策提供科学依据。【方法】监测2016—2020年江西省11个设区市和100个县(市、区)的城市生活饮用水微生物指标,按照GB/T 5750—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》和GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》分别进行水样采集、检测和卫生安全性评价。利用χ^(2)检验对不同水期、水源类型、供水方式、水样类型、处理工艺、消毒方法等合格率进行比较。【结果】2016—2020年江西省城市饮用水微生物监测10 584份,总体合格率为97.72%,合格率随年份逐渐上升(χ^(2)_(趋势)=87.789,P<0.001)。枯水期和丰水期微生物合格率分别为97.85%和97.60%,不同水期的监测水样的微生物指标合格率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.718,P=0.398);不同水源类型的监测水样微生物指标合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=79.560,P=0.398),地下水以98.83%的合格率高于地表水的97.70%;不同供水方式之间监测水样微生物合格率存在差异(χ^(2)=201.836,P<0.001),市政集中式供水、自建设施集中式供水和二次供水的微生物合格率分别为97.51%、88.94%和96.56%;不同处理工艺之间监测水样微生物合格率存在差异(χ^(2)=855.034,P<0.001),常规处理、沉淀过滤、仅消毒和未处理的水样微生物合格率分别为98.22%、67.19%、95.60%和53.13%;不同消毒方法的监测水样微生物指标合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=904.993,P<0.001),氯化消毒、二氧化氯消毒、其他消毒方法和未消毒的水样微生物合格率分别为98.35%、98.19%、84.38%和60.16%。【结论】江西省城市饮用水微生物合格率逐年上升,但仍有部分饮用水未采取相应的消毒剂及处理工艺,水质处理不到位,仍须加强对饮用水的净化、消毒和监测等。[Objective]To monitor the microbes in urban drinking water in Jiangxi from 2016 to 2020,to analyze the change in microbial qualification rate,and to provide a scientific basis for government decision-making.[Methods]According to the Standard Examination Method for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750‒2006)and the Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749‒2006),the water samples were collected,tested and evaluated for hygienic safety.The chi-square test was used to compare the qualification rates among different water periods,water source types,water supply modes,water samples,treatment processes,and disinfection methods.[Results]A total of 10584 water samples were collected and examined from 2016 to 2020,with a qualification rate of 97.72%.The qualified rate of the microbiological index increased gradually over the years.There was no statistically significant difference in the microbiological qualification rate of water samples monitored in different water periods(χ^(2)=0.718,P=0.398),and the qualification rates were 97.85%and 97.60%in dry and abundant water periods respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in the qualification rates of water samples monitored in different water source types(χ^(2)=79.560,P=0.398),with groundwater having a higher qualification rate of 98.83%than surface water(97.70%).The microbiological pass rate of water samples differed among different water supply methods(χ^(2)=201.836,P<0.001).The microbiological pass rates of municipal centralized water supply,self-built centralized water supply and secondary water supply were 97.51%,88.94%and 96.56%respectively.The microbiological pass rates of water samples differed among different treatment processes.There were differences in the qualification rates of the water samples between different treatment processes(χ^(2)=855.034,P<0.001),with 98.22%,67.19%,95.60%and 53.13%of the conventionally treated,precipitated filtered,disinfected only and untreated water samples,respectively.The differences in the microbiological qualificat

关 键 词：饮用水 微生物 监测 合格率 城市 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]