高原夏菜种植基地土壤养分含量及分布特征  

Content and distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in planting base of plateau summer vegetables

作　　者：韦体 潘峰 吴登宇 陈宏福 高丹丹[1] 徐红伟[1] 杨具田[1] 郭鹏辉[1] WEI Ti;PAN Feng;WU Deng-yu;CHEN Hong-fu;GAO Dan-dan;XU Hong-wei;YANG Ju-tian;GUO Peng-hui(Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院,兰州730030

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第5期1002-1010,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目(21JR1RA218);甘肃省陇原青年创新创业人才项目(2021LQGR36);甘肃省高校大学生就业创业能力提升工程项目(202103);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(31920220038、31920220025、31920210137);西北民族大学实验室开放项目(SYSKF-2022122)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在掌握高原夏菜种植基地土壤肥力水平及土壤养分分布特征。【方法】以甘肃省榆中县高原夏菜种植区域为研究对象,采用调查研究的方法,利用土壤养分速测仪和农业环境测定仪对高原夏菜种植基地土壤养分进行测定,结合地统计学、地理信息系统(GIS)技术、Kriging插值分析等对土壤养分质量进行分析。【结果】土壤速效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)变异系数>100%,属于强度变异,碱解氮(AN)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)、电导率(EC)和有机质(OM)变异系数介于10%~100%,属于中等强度变异;土壤养分最优半方差模型为线性、球形及高斯模型,TN、AP、TP、AK、OM块金效应大于75%,空间相关性较弱,TK块金效应介于25%~75%,TK系统空间相关性为中等;AN呈中部高、四周低,TP分布情况为四周高、中部低,EC、AK分布情况为北部高、南部低,TK、OM分布情况为南部高、北部低,TN、AP呈多峰分布,经Kriging交叉验证结果较为可靠;高原夏菜种植基地7种蔬菜种植地土壤类型肥力水平均为中等,TN、AP、TP、OM含量水平为丰富,AN含量水平为中等,AK、TK含量水平为缺乏。【结论】榆中县高原夏菜种植基地各土壤养分含量差异较大、分布不均,土壤肥力水平中等,钾元素含量低下。因此,在实际生产过程中应注意根据土壤肥力水平及土壤养分分布对不同品种高原夏菜进行合理施肥与轮耕。【Objective】The present paper aimed to master the soil fertility level and distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in plateau summer vegetables planting base. 【Method】The study took plateau summer vegetables planting area in Yuzhong county, Gansu province as the research objects, and measured the soil nutrients in plateau summer vegetables planting base in Gansu province by using soil nutrient quick measuring instrument and agricultural environment measuring instrument. Combined with geostatistics, GIS technology and Kriging interpolation analysis, the soil nutrient quality was analyzed. 【Result】The variation coefficients of soil AP and AK were more than 100%, which belonged to intensity variation, while the variation coefficients of AN, TN, TP, TK, EC and OM were between 10% and 100%, which belonged to moderate intensity variation;The optimal semi-variance models of soil nutrients were linear, spherical and Gaussian models, and the nugget effect of TN, AP, TP, AK and OM was more than 75%. The spatial correlation was weak, the TK nugget effect was between 25% and 75%, and the spatial correlation of TK system was medium. AN was high in the middle and low in all directions, TP was high in all directions and low in the middle, EC and AK were high in the north and low in the south, TK and OM were high in the south and low in the north, TN and AP were multi-peaked, and the results of Kriging cross-validation were reliable;The soil fertility level of seven vegetable planting areas in plateau summer vegetables planting base of the plateau was average, with rich contents of TN, AP, TP and OM, medium contents of AN and lack of contents of AK and TK. 【Conclusion】The soil nutrient content of plateau summer vegetables planting base in Yuzhong county is quite different and unevenly distributed, the soil fertility level is average, and the potassium content is low. Therefore, in the actual production process, we should pay attention to rational fertilization and rotation tillage of different varieties of

关 键 词：高原夏菜 养分含量 分布情况 肥力水平 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]