横流环境中高速射弹超空泡流及弹道特性数值分析  

Numerical Analysis of Flow and Ballistic Characteristics ofHigh-speed Supercavitating Projectile in Cross-flow Environment

作　　者：张程伟 贾会霞[1] 周东辉 施红辉[1] 王焯锴 ZHANG Chengwei;JIA Huixia;ZHOU Donghui;SHI Honghui;WANG Zhoukai(Faculty of Mechanical Engineering&Automation,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Ningbo Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University,Ningbo 315100,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学机械与自动控制学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]西北工业大学宁波研究院,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《弹道学报》2023年第2期67-75,共9页Journal of Ballistics

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(LY16A020003)。

摘　　要：为研究横流对水下高速射弹超空泡形态的演化规律及弹道特性的影响,基于VOF多相流模型,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型、Schnerr-Sauer空化模型和刚体六自由度模型,结合重叠网格技术对横流环境中高速运动的水下射弹进行了三维数值模拟。分析了3 m/s, 6 m/s和9 m/s三个不同横流速度下,射弹超空泡的演化过程、射弹表面压力分布、周围流场速度分布以及射弹的水动力特性。研究结果表明:受横流影响,射弹表面超空泡不再对称;随着时间推移,射弹的超空泡形状非对称性增加,背流侧空泡半径增大,迎流侧减小;在一定条件时,弹体迎流测的尾部会出现沾湿现象;射弹初始速度相同时,横流速度越大,头部压力的最大值越大,并且压力极值位置越靠近迎流侧头部一端;不同横流速度下,弹体运动方向的速度衰减趋势基本一致,而横流方向的偏移速度随横流速度的增大而增大。In order to study the supercavitation morphological evolution and ballistic characteristics of underwater high-speed projectile under cross-flow,a numerical model of projectile in cross-flow environment was established based on VOF multiphase flow model,RNG k-εturbulence model,Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model,6-DOF rigid-body model and overset mesh method.The supercavitation evolution of projectile,surface pressure distribution,velocity distribution of the surrounding flow field and hydrodynamic characteristics of projectile under 3 m/s,6 m/s and 9 m/s cross flow conditions were analyzed.The results show that the supercavitation is no longer symmetrical due to the effect of cross-flow.With the passage of time,the supercavitation shape of the projectile increases asymmetrically,and the cavitation radius of the back side increases,while that of the oncoming side decreases.Under certain conditions,the tail of the projectile body will be wet.When the initial velocity of the projectile is the same,the larger the cross-flow velocity is,the larger the maximum head pressure is,and the closer it is to the head end of the oncoming side.The velocity attenuation trend of the projectile body in the direction of movement is basically the same at different cross-flow velocities,and the offset velocity in the direction of cross-flow increases with the increase of cross-flow velocity.

关 键 词：超空泡 高速射弹 横流环境 水下运动 弹道特性 

分 类 号：TJ630.1[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]