基于老龄人口估算的养老服务设施空间布局研究——以扬州市区为例  

Research on the Spatial Layout of Elderly Care Service Facilities Based on the Estimation of Elderly Population:Taking Yangzhou City as an Example

作　　者：黄华明 王丹[1] HUANG Huaming;WANG Dan

机构地区：[1]扬州市职业大学

出　　处：《现代城市研究》2023年第5期29-34,共6页Modern Urban Research

摘　　要：为不同年龄段老年人口提供适配的养老服务设施是提升居家社区养老服务能力的关键环节。文章采用热点分析、空间自相关分析等方法,对126个社区不同年龄段老龄人口进行估算,与养老服务设施的供给能力进行匹配分析,以提高养老服务资源供给精准度。得出主要结论:(1)将社区分为自理型、介助型、介护型3种主导类型,介护型社区主要分布于内城区、近郊区的拆迁安置区;介助型社区主要分布于外城区,以单位社区为主;自理型社区主要分布于近郊区,以新建商品房社区为主。(2)研究区养老服务设施与社区老龄人口结构错位明显,表现为居家养老服务中心、嵌入式养老机构、护理站等介护型养老设施严重不足,社区老年人助餐点等自理型养老设施利用率不高、吸引力不足。(3)应进一步适应不同社区差异化养老需求,建设“弹性”的综合性养老服务设施。Providing suitable elderly care service facilities for elderly people of different age groups is a key link in enhancing the capacity of home community elderly care services.The article uses methods such as hotspot analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis to estimate the elderly population of diferent age groups in 126 communities,and conducts matching analysis with the supply capacity of elderly care service facilities to improve the accuracy of elderly care service resource supply.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Communities are divided into three dominant types:self-care,assisted care,and care.Care oriented communities are mainly distributed in the demolition and resettlement areas in inner urban and suburban areas,Assisted communities are mainly distributed in outer urban areas,with unit communities as the main focus;Self-care communities are mainly distributed in suburban areas,with new commercial housing communities being the main focus.(2)There is a significant mismatch between the elderly care service facilities in the research area and the structure of the elderly population in the community,manifested as a serious shortage of care oriented elderly care facilities such as home care service centers,embedded elderly care institutions,and nursing stations.The utilization rate of self-care elderly care facilities such as community elderly meal assistance is not high and their attractiveness is insufficient.(3)We should further adapt to the differentiated elderly care needs of different communities and build"flexible"comprehensive elderlycare servicefacilities.

关 键 词：社区养老设施 老年人口结构 空间耦合 人口估算 扬州 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]