生物样本库建设中的低温生物学  

Cryobiology for biobanking

作　　者：胥义[1,2] 郭宁 杨国梁 占太杰 韩恒鑫 程跃 赵刚[4] 魏强 周学迅[6] 刘宝林 XU Yi;GUO Ning;YANG GuoLiang;ZHAN TaiJie;HAN HengXin;CHENG Yue;ZHAO Gang;WEI Qiang;ZHOU XueXun;LIU BaoLin(Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Cryopreservation of Biological Resources,Shanghai 200093,China;Department of Biomedical Engineering,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,China;National Pathogen Resource Center,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Cryobiology Study Group,Biobank Branch,China Medicinal Biotechnology Association,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学生物系统热科学研究所,上海200093 [2]上海市生物资源低温保存技术服务平台,上海200093 [3]安徽医科大学生物医学工程系,合肥230032 [4]中国科学技术大学电子工程与信息科学系,合肥230027 [5]中国疾病预防控制中心国家病原微生物资源库,北京102206 [6]中国医药生物技术协会组织生物样本库分会低温生物学组,上海200093

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2023年第7期1021-1034,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:52076140,51576132,82172114,51776130);国家传染病防治科技重大专项(批准号:2018ZX10734404)资助。

摘　　要：生物样本库作为精准医疗、动植物优良育种以及生物安全的重要基石,已经取得了长足进步,但高质量生物样本库建设的需求愈发迫切.低温是实现活性生物样本高质量保存的重要技术手段,而低温生物学在生物样本活库建设应用中仍面临着诸多挑战,例如多层级低温损伤机制、低毒绿色低温保护剂开发、玻璃化保存工艺优化、复温损伤避免以及自动化低温存储技术等.这就亟需临床医学、细胞生物学、动植物学、微生物学与低温生物学等多学科融合来突破现有瓶颈,为生物样本资源的高质量保藏和应用提供重要保障.Biobank, as an important cornerstone of precision medicine, excellent animal and plant breeding, and biosafety, has made greatprogress, but the need for a high-quality living biobank is becoming increasingly urgent. Cryopreservation is an important technicalmeans for the high-quality preservation of live biological materials, but many challenges remain in cryobiology during theconstruction of a living biobank, e.g., determining a multilevel cryogenic damage mechanism, developing low-toxicitycryoprotectants, optimizing the vitrification process, avoiding rewarming damage, and developing automated low-temperaturestorage technology. Integrating multiple disciplines, such as clinical medicine, cell biology, zoology and botany, microbiology, andcryogenic bioengineering, is urgently needed to break through the existing bottlenecks, thereby providing an important guarantee forthe high-quality preservation and application of biological resources.

关 键 词：生物样本库 低温生物学 低温保存 低温损伤 

分 类 号：R318.52[医药卫生—生物医学工程]