基于拓扑优化的多复合材料3D打印增强方法及实验研究  

Research on multi-composite 3D printing enhanced method based on topology optimization and experiment

作　　者：李伟豪 茅健 郑武 张婷 LI Weihao;MAO Jian;ZHENG Wu;ZHANG Ting(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201600,China;Huarong Printing(Beijing)Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海201600 [2]华融普瑞(北京)科技有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2023年第6期26-32,77,共8页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：北京市科委项目(Z191100008019006)。

摘　　要：针对多复合材料3D打印制造中利用连续纤维增强模型强度问题,提出利用拓扑优化技术对模型进行增强的方法,提升其力学性能。基于变密度法中的固体各向同向材料惩罚(Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization,SIMP)方法,引入体积分数常量,求解出模型的拓扑结构;建立采用增强材料填充拓扑结构、基础材料填充空洞结构的多复合材料3D打印材料分布模型,从而使得模型的整体结构得到强化。为验证该方法的可行性,以120 mm×80 mm×10 mm的矩形小板为例,利用ANSYS软件建立静力学仿真模型,与未增强模型力学分析结果进行对比,得到采用层间增强、轮廓增强和拓扑增强的模型在Y方向上的位移降低幅度分别为88.90%、87.10%和94.13%,采用拓扑增强的模型位移降低幅度最大;拓扑增强相对于轮廓增强和层间增强在Y方向位移上分别降低了50.79%和54.65%,表明该方法适用于多复合材料3D打印。根据仿真内容进行静力学实验分析,实验结果表明优化结构对比未优化结构在位移上减小了39.6%,证明了该方法对于复合材料3D增强打印具有实用价值。In view of the problem of using continuous fibers to enhance the strength of models in multi-composite 3D printing,a method of using topology optimization techniques to enhance the models was proposed,so that the mechanical properties of the model were improved.Based on the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization(SIMP)method in variable density method and introducing of volume fraction constants,the topology structure of the model was solved.The material distribution model of multi-composites 3D printing that used reinforce-material to fill topology structure and base material to fill cavity structure were established,so that the overall structure of the model was strengthened.To verify the feasibility of the method,a small rectangular plate of 120 mm×80 mm×10 mm was used as an example,a static simulation models was established using ANSYS software.Compared with the mechanical analysis results of the unenhanced model,the displacement reduction of the model with interlayer enhancement,profile enhancement and topological enhancement are 88.90%,87.10%and 94.13%in the Y direction,respectively.Among them,the model with topological enhancement gets a substantial reduction in displacement,compared with contour enhancement model and interlayer enhancement model,the displacement reduction are 50.79%and 54.65%in the Y derection,respectively.It is shown that the method is suitable for multi-composite 3D printing.Based on the simulations,the experimental static analysis shows a 39.6%reduction in displacement of the optimized structure compared to the unoptimized structure,demonstrating the practical value of the method for 3D enhanced printing of composite materials.

关 键 词：拓扑优化 3D打印 多复合材料 有限元分析 增强制造 变密度法 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]