机械化学改性高岭石去除磷酸盐的应用研究  

Application study of mechanochemically modified kaolinite for phosphate removal

作　　者：刘晓月 郝经纬 乔梦[1] 赵旭[1,2] LIU Xiaoyue;HAO Jingwei;QIAO Meng;ZHAO Xu(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第6期350-355,共6页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.22276210);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般472)。

摘　　要：目前,传统混凝剂的制备会产生大量废液,且制作程序较为复杂.基于此,本研究制备了一种高效绿色且制作简便的混凝剂材料,对废水中的污染物正磷酸盐(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)进行混凝去除.该材料首先通过机械化学活化高岭石,然后以硫酸共球磨改性制备得到,并对比了改性前后的高岭石对PO_(4)^(3-)-P的去除效果.结果发现,单一机械化学活化改性高岭石对PO_(4)^(3-)-P的去除效果非常有限,而通过硫酸共球磨高岭石对PO_(4)^(3-)-P的去除效果大大提升.同时,考察了改性前后材料表面晶体和官能团的变化,研究了不同共球磨硫酸量(50、100、150、200μL·g^(-1))、不同高岭石投加量(0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 g·L^(-1))和待处理溶液初始pH(2.5、3.5、4.5、5.5、6.5、7.5、8.5、9.5、10.5)对PO_(4)^(3-)-P去除效果的影响.结果表明,机械化学作用使得高岭石表面的晶体结构被破坏,以非晶体的形式存在,而硫酸的加入使得高岭石表面形成水合硫酸铝.在初始浓度为30 mg·L^(-1)的PO_(4)^(3-)-P溶液中,当共球磨硫酸量为150μL·g^(-1),高岭石投量为1.0 g·L^(-1),溶液初始pH为4.5时,反应5 min左右PO_(4)^(3-)-P的去除率可达99%.将该混凝剂应用于污泥厌氧消化液中,当混凝剂投量为2.0 g·L^(-1)时,该实际废水中PO_(4)^(3-)-P(初始浓度32.4 mg·L^(-1))的去除率在90%左右.以上研究可为含正磷酸盐的废水处理提供一种思路.At present,the preparation of traditional coagulants will produce a large amount of waste liquid,and the production process is complicated.This study proposed an efficient,green,and easy method for coagulant material preparation.The orthophosphate(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)was removed with the prepared coagulant material from wastewater.The material was prepared by mechanochemical activation of kaolinite and modified by co-ball milling with sulphuric acid.The removal of PO_(4)^(3-)-P by the kaolinite before and after modification was compared.The results revealed that the removal of PO_(4)^(3-)-P by single mechanochemically activated modified kaolinite was less effective than by co-ball milling of kaolinite with sulphuric acid.Changes in the surface crystals and functional groups of this material before and after modification were examined.The effects of co-ball milling sulphuric acid amounts(50,100,150,200μL·g^(-1)),kaolinite dosing amounts(0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0 g·L^(-1))and initial pH(2.5、3.5、4.5、5.5、6.5、7.5、8.5、9.5、10.5)on the removal of PO_(4)^(3-)-P were measured.The results showed that the mechanochemistry disrupted the crystalline structure of the kaolinite surface to an amorphous form,and the addition of sulphuric acid caused the formation of hydrated aluminium sulphate on the surface of the kaolinite.The removal efficiency of PO_(4)^(3-)-P(initial concentration 30 mg·L^(-1))was 99%in 5 min with a sulphuric acid volume of 150μL·g^(-1),a coagulant dosage of 1.0 g·L^(-1),and a solution pH of 4.5.The coagulant was applied to the sludge anaerobic digestion solution and the removal of PO_(4)^(3-)-P(initial concentration 32.4 mg·L^(-1))from this actual wastewater was around 90%when the coagulant dosage was 2.0 g·L^(-1).The above study may provide a new idea for the treatment of wastewater containing orthophosphate.

关 键 词：机械化学 高岭石 共球磨 正磷酸盐 混凝剂 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]