枝江、当阳两市农田土壤重金属来源解析  

Heavy metal source analysis of the farmland soil of Zhijiang and Dangyang

作　　者：李泽宇 肖敏[1,2] 任东[1,2] 任顺 熊彪[1,2] LI Zeyu;XIAO Min;REN Dong;REN Shun;XIONG Biao(College of Computer and Information Technology,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002;Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Farmland Environmental Monitoring,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学计算机与信息学院,宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学湖北省农田环境监测工程技术研究中心,宜昌443002

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第6期398-406,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFD0800902);湖北省重大技术创新项目(No.2017ABA157);湖北省教育厅科技研究计划优秀中青年人才项目(No.Q20201206);湖北省农田环境监测工程技术研究中心开放基金(No.201613);111引智项目(No.D20015)。

摘　　要：为解析湖北省枝江、当阳两市农田土壤重金属来源及贡献率,采集了研究区水稻田表层土壤和成土母质、沟渠底泥、降水、大气降尘、化肥这5类投入品样品,测定了砷(As)、铬(Cr)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)和汞(Hg)5种元素含量.同时,对农田土壤重金属含量进行主成分分析、空间分析,并利用UNMIX、PMF模型对比验证使源解析结果在源分配上更为可靠,再结合对投入品的描述性统计分析,从源与汇两个角度对比分析并选择更符合研究区实际情况的源解析结果,定量解析农田土壤重金属的来源.结果表明:As、Cd和Pb含量均值分别为土壤背景值的1.14、1.51和1.12倍,Hg和Cr含量最大值分别为背景值的17.63和1.35倍.除Hg存在少部分最大值高于风险筛选值外,土壤中As、Cr、Cd、Pb含量均低于风险筛选值.5种重金属均表现为中等强度变异,其空间分布图也表明存在空间变异性.UNMIX和PMF模型的解析结果在源分配上基本一致,结合对投入品的描述性统计分析,确定PMF模型的解析结果更符合研究区实际情况.PMF的解析结果表明:Hg主要来源于农药施用和废弃物混合源,该源的相对贡献率为14.68%;Pb和Cr主要来源于大气降尘和成土母质综合源,该源的相对贡献率为29.38%;Cd主要来源于工业排放源,该源的相对贡献率为28.18%;As主要来源于化肥施用源,该源的相对贡献率为27.76%.工农业生产是造成研究区农田土壤重金属污染的主要原因.实验结果可为枝江、当阳两市开展土壤重金属污染防治及修复提供理论依据.To parse farmland soil heavy metal sources and contributions in Zhijiang and Dangyang,two cities in Hubei Province,soil and soil parent material,ditch sediment,precipitation,atmospheric dust,fertiliser these five kinds of sample inputs were collected from rice fields in the study area to determine the arsenic(As),chromium(Cr),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd)and mercury(Hg)content.Principal component analysis was conducted on the farmland soil heavy metal content,and spatial analyses were performed,using UNMIX and the PMF model to make the analytical results more reliable in the source distribution,combined with the descriptive statistical analysis of inputs.The sources and sinks from two-angle analysis and selected source resolution results conform to the actual situation in the study area and the sources from the quantitative analysis of farmland soil heavy metal.The results showed that the mean contents of As,Cd and Pb were 1.14,1.51 and 1.12 times the background values,respectively,and the maximum contents of Hg and Cr were 17.63 and 1.35 times the background values,respectively.The soil contents of As,Cr,Cd and Pb were lower than the risk screening value,but a few maximum values of Hg were higher than the risk screening value.All five heavy metals showed moderate intensity variation,and their spatial distribution maps also showed spatial variability.The analytical results of UNMIX and the PMF model are basically identical regarding source allocation.Combined with the descriptive statistical analysis of inputs,the PMF analytical results were determined to be more consistent with the actual situation of the study area.The PMF analytical results showed that Hg mainly came from the mixed source of pesticide application and waste,Pb and Cr were mainly derived from the comprehensive source of atmospheric dust and parent material,Cd mainly came from industrial emission sources and As was mainly derived from fertiliser application,and the relative contribution rates of these Hg,Pb and Cr,Cd,As sources were 14.68%,29.38%,28.18%an

关 键 词：土壤 重金属污染 UNMIX模型 PMF模型 投入品 源解析 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]