不同浓度酒精对大鼠生理生化的影响  

Effects of Different Concentrations of Alcohol on Physiology and Biochemistry in Rats

作　　者：吴雯琰 苏洁[1] 金小虎 刘静 陈思敏 施梦琳 陈素红[2] 吕圭源[1] WU Wenyan;SU Jie;JIN Xiaohu;LIU Jing;CHEN Simin;ShI Menglin;CHEN Suhong;LV Guiyuan(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou 310053;Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014)

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学药学院,杭州310053 [2]浙江工业大学,杭州310014

出　　处：《中药药理与临床》2023年第4期86-92,共7页Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82003977);浙江省自然科学基金华东医药企业创新发展联合基金资助项目(编号:LHDMZ22H280002);浙江省重点研发计划(编号:2020C04020);浙江省重点实验室(编号:2012E10002)。

摘　　要：目的:研究不同浓度酒精对大鼠生理生化的影响。方法:本试验采用正常SD大鼠灌胃给予不同浓度白酒,造模期间,测定大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量;检测肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量;HE染色观察肝脏和肾脏组织形态学变化;检测大鼠尾部微循环血流量,血液流变学指标,血液酒精浓度;检测淋巴细胞亚群,血液学指标;检测脏器湿质量;计算摄食量,检测自主活动、面温、肛温、抓力、眩晕时间、心率等行为体征。结果:①长期饮用不同浓度白酒(10%、20%、30%、40%、50%)均会降低正常大鼠的血清TP、ALB含量及SOD、GSH-Px活力,升高血清TG、AST含量或活力和A/G值,且具有一定的浓度依赖性,说明10%~50%浓度的白酒会造成TG升高以及肝功能损伤。②长期饮用低浓度(10%)酒精会降低正常大鼠的血清TC、LDL-c含量。③长期饮用中、高浓度(30%~50%)酒精会增加正常大鼠的肝肾湿质量,造成肝肾组织形态学改变,升高低切变率下的全血粘度、眩晕时间、面温、肛温和心率,降低微循环血流量、自主活动次数和抓力,说明长期饮用中、高浓度酒精会引起肝脏脂质沉积、血液粘度增加以及食少肌瘦、困倦乏力、慵懒厌动等症状。结论:不同浓度饮酒会对机体生理生化造成不同的影响。Objective:To study the effects of different concentrations of alcohol on physiology and biochemistry in rats.Methods:Normal SD rats were given different concentrations of alcohol by gavage in this experiment.During the modeling period,the total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total protein(TP),and albumin(ALB)levels in the rat serum were measured.The total superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in the rat liver were detected.HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes in liver and kidney tissues.The rat tail microcirculation blood flow,hemorheological indexes,and blood alcohol concentration were measured.The lymphocyte subsets and hematological indicators were detected.The wet weight of organs was determined.The behavioral signs,such as food intake,voluntary activity times,face temperature,anal temperature,grasping force,vertigo time,and heart rate,were detected.Results:①Long-term drinking of alcohol at different concentrations(10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50%)could reduce the serum content of TP and ALB,blunt the activities of SOD and GSH-Px,and increase the serum content of TG,AST,and A/G levels of normal rats,with certain concentration dependence.The results suggested that long-term consumption of 10%-50%alcohol could cause TG increase and liver function injury.②Long-term drinking of low-concentration(10%)alcohol could reduce serum TC and LDL-C levels in normal rats.③Long-term drinking of medium-and high-concentration(30%-50%)alcohol could increase the wet weight of the liver and kidney in normal rats,cause histomorphological changes of the liver and kidney,increase the whole blood viscosity at a low shear rate,vertigo time,face temperature,anal temperature,and heart rate,and decrease microcirculation blood flow,voluntary activity times,and grasping force.It suggested that long-term drinking of medium-and high-concentration alcohol could cause lipid deposition in the liver,increased blood viscosity,as wel

关 键 词：不同浓度酒精 肝肾损伤 全血粘度 心率 脂质代谢 氧化指标 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]