基于数据挖掘的《本草纲目》中鲜药应用的规律及特点分析  

Data Mining-Based Analysis of Medication Laws and Characteristics of Fresh Herbs in Ben Cao Gang Mu(本草纲目)

作　　者：张亚楠 惠香香 秦格 赵艳媛 苗明三[1] 白明[1] ZHANG Yanan;HUI Xiangxiang;QIN Ge;ZHAO Yanyuan;MIAO Mingsan;BAI Ming(School of Pharmacy,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学药学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《中药药理与临床》2023年第4期97-101,共5页Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家中医药管理局标准化项目(编号:gZY-FJS-2020-219);河南省重大公益专项(编号:201300310100);河南省药品监督管理局科技计划项目(编号:2020DB050-55)。

摘　　要：目的:本文通过对李时珍《本草纲目》中使用鲜药的规律和特点进行了分析和总结,为临床使用鲜药提供数据支撑及参考。方法:通过查阅总结《本草纲目》中关于中药鲜药的临床应用,输入Excel 2016软件中建立数据库,对药物的使用频数、性味、归经等信息进行统计分析。结果:《本草纲目》中共记载药物1 892种,发现鲜药品种总计达292种,其中鲜药植物药258种,鲜药动物药34种;鲜药的使用频次共为1 016次;鲜药的药性以寒、平居多,药味以苦、甘为主,鲜药的归经以肝经、肺经为主;在古方的应用中,使用鲜药频次最高的是内科疾病(350次,34.4%)、外科疾病(337次,33.2%)。结论:《本草纲目》是16世纪中国的百科全书,所记载的药方应用鲜药的方子颇多,鲜药来源广泛,代表性高,且多为地产药材,临床应用广泛,不只用于内科,还用于外科、妇科、儿科、皮肤科、耳鼻喉;不只用于一般疾病,还用于疑难杂症、危重症以及急性传染病,对鲜药的文献考究,必将加深人们对鲜药特点的理解和认识,也为鲜药的现代研究提供文献依据。Objective:To analyze and summarize the medication laws and characteristics of fresh Chinese medicines in Li Shizhen's Ben Cao Gang Mu(本草纲目),so as to provide data support and reference for their clinical use.Methods:The clinical applications of fresh Chinese medicines in Ben Cao Gang Mu(本草纲目)were input into Excel 2016 for establishing a database,followed by the statistical analysis of their use frequency,Xing(性),Wei(味),and Guijing(归经).Results:Among the 1892 kinds of Chinese medicines recorded in Ben Cao Gang Mu(本草纲目),292 were fresh,including 258 fresh herbs and 34 fresh animal medicines,and they were used 1016 times in total.The fresh medicines were mainly Han(寒)and Ping(平)in Xing(性)and Ku(苦)and Gan(甘)in Wei(味),acting on Ganjing(肝经)and Feijing(肺经).According to the application of ancient prescriptions,the fresh medicines were most frequently used for treating internal medical diseases(350 times,34.4%)and then for surgical diseases(337 times,33.2%).Conclusion:Ben Cao Gang Mu(本草纲目),an encyclopedia of China in the 16th century,contains many prescriptions with fresh medicines as the raw materials.The fresh medicines come from a wide range of sources and are highly representative.Most of them are local medicinal materials.They have a wide range of clinical applications,not only used in internal medicine department but also in surgery,gynecology,pediatrics,dermatology,and otolaryngology departments for the treatment of common diseases,as well as intractable,critical,and acute infectious diseases.The literature research of fresh Chinese medicines contributes to enhancing people’s understanding of their characteristics and providing a documentary basis for their modern research.

关 键 词：李时珍 《本草纲目》 鲜药 文献研究 临床应用 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]