中药组分-药性-药效关系探讨  

Component-Property-Efficacy Relationship of Chinese Medicinal

作　　者：王赛 谢逸轩 田硕[1] 白明[1] 苗明三[1] WANG Sai;XIE Yixuan;TIAN Shuo;BAI Ming;MIAO Mingsan(School of Pharmacy,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学药学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《中药药理与临床》2023年第4期125-128,28,共5页Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家重大新药创制项目(编号:2017ZX09301071);国家国际合作基地项目(编号:2016-65);国家中医药管理局标准化项目(编号:GZY-FJS-2020-219);河南省重大公益专项(编号:201300310100)。

摘　　要：本文就中药药性与药效的关系,组分与药效的关系,组分-药性-药效关系进行探讨,得出药性偏寒的药物更倾向于清热解毒、凉血之功,药性偏热的药物更胜止痛、祛湿、祛风、祛寒之效,黄酮类化合物多具有抗氧化、抗炎、对心血管、神经功能、消化功能的保护作用,生物碱类化合物大多具有对心血管、中枢神经系统的保护作用和镇痛、抗炎、舒缓平滑肌的作用等,皂苷类化合物有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗真菌、抗病毒、解痉挛、扩张血管、降低血糖血脂的作用,有机酸具有抗炎、抗氧化、降血脂、抗凝和改善血液流变学等作用,挥发油具有抗脑缺血、抗心律失常、抗心肌缺血等保护心脑血管系统的作用,并得出组分和药性共同决定了药效,炮制使组分或组分配比发生改变,其药性也会受到影响,当组分和药性改变时其药效有可能出现变化。为更好地研究中药,药效与组分及组分配比和药性之间的关系值得深入研究。This article aims to discuss the relationships between property and efficacy,between components and efficacy,and among the components,property,and efficacy of Chinese medicinal.The conclusions are as follows.Han(寒)medicinals mainly have the functions of Qingre(清热)and Jiedu(解毒),and Liangxue(凉血)and Re(热)medicinals excel in Zhitong(止痛),Qushi(祛湿),Qufeng(祛风),and Quhan(祛寒).Flavonoids mostly have the effects of autoxidation,anti-inflammation,and protecting cardiovascular,neurological,and digestive functions.Most alkaloids have protective effects on cardiovascular and central nervous systems,smooth muscle-soothing effect,and analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.Saponins have anti-inflammatory,antitumor,antifungal,antiviral,antispasmodic,vasodilatory,and hypolipidemic effects.Organic acids have anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,hypolipidemic,anticoagulant,and blood rheology-improving functions.Volatile oil has anti-cerebral ischemia,anti-arrhythmia,anti-myocardial ischemia and other protective effects on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system.Components and property together determine the medicinal efficacy,and processing changes medicinal components or the ratio of the components and influences medicinal property.When the components and property change,the medicinal efficacy may alter.The relationship of the efficacy with components,ratio of components,and property of medicinals needs to be further studied to gain an in-depth insight into Chinese medicinal.

关 键 词：中药 组分 药性 药效 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]