烟草黑胫病生防菌的筛选鉴定及其防效  

Screening and identification of biocontrol bacteria for tobacco black shank disease and evaluation of the control effect

作　　者：贾孟媛 王越洋 唐培培 周权 吴俊林 王小东[1] 孙会忠[1] JIA Mengyuan;WANG Yueyang;TANG Peipei;ZHOU Quan;WU Junlin;WANG Xiaodong;SUN Huizhong(College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China;Henan Tobacco Company Zhumadian Branch,Zhumadian,Henan 463000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]河南省烟草公司驻马店市公司,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期329-334,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：河南省科学技术厅农业攻关项目(212102110242);河南省烟草公司驻马店市公司项目(2022411700270011)。

摘　　要：从毒鹅膏菌(Amanita phalloides)栖生土壤中分离筛选烟草疫霉(Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae)拮抗菌株,通过盆栽试验考察拮抗菌株对烟草黑胫病的防效。结果表明:从毒鹅膏菌栖生土壤中分离筛选的DE4–5菌株对烟草疫霉的抑菌率达78.22%;DE4–5具有广谱抗真菌活性;依据DE4–5的形态和生化特征初步判断为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),结合16S rDNA保守序列及辅助gyrA基因片段序列分析,确定DE4–5为亚麻假单胞菌,定名为Pseudomonas lini DE4–5;生物活性测定显示,菌株DE4–5具有解磷和解钾能力,产IAA、蛋白酶、纤维素酶和脲酶;盆栽试验结果表明,菌株DE4–5预防组与治疗组的烟草黑胫病发病率分别为24.79%和39.24%,病情指数分别为26.31%和29.37%,防效分别达到69.14%和63.98%。From habitat soil of Amanita phalloides,isolation and screening of bacteria strains against the Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae were conducted and pot experiment was used to investigate the control effect of the antagonistic bacteria strain against tobacco black shank.The findings demonstrated that,strain DE4-5 showed wide anti-fungi activity,and the inhibition rate of strain DE4-5 on Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae reached 78.22%.Based on morphological and biochemical characteristics,strain DE4-5 was initially determined to be Pseudomonas.Combined with the analysis of conserved sequence of 16S rDNA and the sequence of the auxiliary gyrA gene,strain DE4-5 was systematically assigned to the Pseudomonas flax genus and given the name Pseudomonas lini DE4-5.Bioactivity assay showed that strain DE4-5 could degenerate phosphorus and potassium.By resolving phosphorus and potassium,strain DE4-5 was able to produce IAA,protease,cellulase,and urease.Pot experiment showed that the incidence of tobacco black shank in prevention and treatment groups with strain DE4-5 were 24.79%and 39.24%,respectively;the disease index of tobacco black shank in prevention and treatment groups with strain DE4-5 were 26.31%and 29.37%,respectively;and the control effect in prevention group and treatment group reached 69.14%and 63.98%,respectively.

关 键 词：毒鹅膏菌 栖生土壤 烟草黑胫病 亚麻假单胞菌 防效 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]