造林密度对桢楠人工林土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Stand Density on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Phoebe zhennan Plantation

作　　者：程一伦 江天一 李思睿 彭建[1] 李金武 辜云杰[1] 杨汉波 CHENG Yilun;JIANG Tianyi;LI Sirui;PENG Jian;LI Jinwu;GU Yunjie;YANG Hanbo(Sichuan Key Laboratory of Forest and Wetland Ecological Restoration and Conservation,Sichuan Academy of Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 610081,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River/National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River/Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base,College of Forestry/Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]森林与湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室/四川省林业科学研究院,成都610081 [2]长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室/长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室/华西雨屏区人工林生态系统研究长期科研基地/四川农业大学林学院,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2023年第3期446-455,共10页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目(2021YFYZ0032);四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC1062);世界银行贷款四川省长江经济带珍稀树种保护与发展项目(510201202038467);四川农业大学科研兴趣培养计划项目(2022311、2022194)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同造林密度对桢楠(Phoebe zhennan)人工林土壤质量的影响,分析不同密度经营下的桢楠人工林土壤理化性质的变化规律,为桢楠人工林培育中适宜造林密度的选择提供参考。【方法】以6 a生5种造林密度(D1:400株/hm^(2)、D2:500株/hm^(2)、D3:600株/hm^(2)、D4:700株/hm^(2)、D5:850株/hm^(2))桢楠人工林为研究对象,测定不同土层(0~10、10~20、20~30和30~50 cm)土壤理化性质,利用方差分析进行显著性检验,采用最小显著性差异法(LSD)进行多重比较,运用主成分分析法计算各密度桢楠人工林土壤质量综合指数,对土壤质量进行综合评价。【结果】桢楠人工林土壤呈弱酸性(5.05~5.82)。造林密度和土层深度对土壤有机碳、硝态氮和全磷含量均有显著影响(P<0.05)。各造林密度林分中,土壤有机碳、全氮、硝态氮、全磷和速效磷含量均随土层深度的增加而降低,表明桢楠人工林土壤养分分布表现出明显的“表聚”现象。在同一土层,土壤有机碳、全磷和速效磷含量在D1密度林分中达到最大。D1密度林分土壤硝态氮含量低于D3和D5密度林分。随造林密度的增加,土壤容重表现出先增后减的变化趋势,而土壤含水率则表现出相反的变化趋势。基于主成分分析的土壤质量综合分析结果显示,桢楠人工林造林密度以400株/hm^(2)时,土壤质量综合指数最高,为0.59,说明较低的造林密度更有利于改善土壤质量。【结论】造林密度对土壤养分质量有显著影响,较低的造林密度(400株/hm^(2))更有利于桢楠人工林土壤养分的维持和土壤质量的改善。【Objective】In order to study the effects of different plantation densities on the soil quality of Phoebe zhennan plantation,this study analyzed the soil quality indicators of P.zhennan plantation under different long-term management of different stand densities,and provided reference for the selection of suitable stand densities in the cultivation of P.zhennan plantation.【Method】Using 6-years-old and 5 stand densities(D1:400 plants/hm^(2),D2:500 plants/hm^(2),D3:600 plants/hm^(2),D4:700 plants/hm^(2),D5:850 plants/hm^(2))of P.zhennan plantation as the research object,the soil physical and chemical propdoierties of different soil layers(0~10,10~20,20~30,and 30~50 cm)were measured.Significance tests were conducted using analysis of variance,and multiple comparisons were conducted using the Least Significant Difference(LSD)method,principal component analysis was used to calculate the comprehensive index of soil quality for P.zhennan plantation at different densities,in order to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of soil quality.【Result】The soil of P.zhennan plantation showed weak acidity(pH=5.05-5.82).The stand density and soil depth had significant effects on soil organic carbon,nitrate nitrogen,and total phosphorus content(P˂0.05).In each stand density,the content of soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,total phosphorus,and available phosphorus decreased with the increase of soil depth,indicating a significant'surface aggregation'phenomenon in the distribution of soil nutrients in the P.zhennan plantation.In the same soil layer,the soil organic carbon,total phosphorus,and available phosphorus contents reached their maximum values in D1 density stands.The soil nitrate nitrogen content of D1 density stands was lower than that of D3 and D5 density stands.With the increase of stand density,the soil bulk density showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreased,while the soil moisture content showed an opposite trend.The comprehensive analysis results of soil quality based on principa

关 键 词：桢楠人工林 造林密度 土层 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S725.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]