从语言转型看普米语“上、下”的多功能性  

On the Multifunction of“上”and“下”in Pumi Language from the Perspective of Language Transition

作　　者：蒋颖[1] JIANG Ying(Academy for Research on Chinese Ethnic Minority Languages,Minzu University of China,Beijing,100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学,北京100081

出　　处：《玉溪师范学院学报》2023年第2期49-60,共12页Journal of Yuxi Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“基于方言比较的普米语形态演变轨迹研究”(项目号:19BYY189)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：普米语的“上、下”在藏缅语中具有数量多、表义强的特点。其多功能性表现为能够表达方位概念、比较标记、时间标记、对象标记、加减标记等,其多功能的路径是语法化。这些特点与普米语的语言转型有关,普米语属于非分析性语言,其演变轨迹是由粘着屈折语向分析性语言发展。“上、下”的多功能性与普米语的分析化方向发展有关。Based on the theory of language cognition and language transition,this paper analyzes the multifunction of“上”and“下”in Pumi language,and the author believes that“上”and“下”has the characteristics of numerous members and rich meaning in Tibeto-Burman Languages.“上”and“下”express the concept of location,meanwhile serve as the marker of comparison,the time,the object,the addition and subtraction,etc.The multifunction of them comes from the grammaticalization.These characteristics are closely related to the language transition of Pumi language.Pumi language tends to become an analytical language from an agglutinating language in the process of change.The multifunction of“上”and“下”is related to the language evolution of analytical direction.

关 键 词：普米语 “上”“下” 语言类型 语法化 

分 类 号：H429[语言文字]