Al@Co微米核壳含能粒子的可控制备与性能  

Controlled Preparation and Properties of Al@Co Micron Core⁃shell Energetic Particles

作　　者：徐向远 郭泽荣[1] 相宁 陈永鹏 张辉超 马小霞 周遵宁[1] XU Xiang-yuan;GUO Ze-rong;XIANG Ning;CHEN Yong-peng;ZHANG Hui-chao;MA Xiao-xia;ZHOU Zun-ning(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《含能材料》2023年第6期561-567,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室青年基金项目(QNKT23‑01)。

摘　　要：为提高铝粉能量释放速率,分别通过置换和先置换后化学镀的方法将微米铝表面的惰性氧化铝层替换为导热系数更高的钴壳层,得到钴壳层厚度分别为90,150,200,250 nm的Al@Co核壳含能粒子,并对其进行扫描电镜、透射电镜、能量色散谱、振动样品磁强计,以及热性能测试。结果表明,钴壳层致密均匀、厚度可控,且随着钴壳层厚度增加,粒子的自然抗氧化能力逐渐增强;各粒子表现出典型的铁磁滞回线,进一步证实了铁磁性物质钴的存在;包覆有200 nm钴壳层的Al@Co核壳含能粒子完全克服铝粉吸热,对外表现为剧烈放热,放热量为521.40 J·g^(-1),是一种有潜力的新型绿色起爆药燃料组分。In order to enhance the energy‑release efficiency of aluminum powder,the inert alumina layer of micron‑sized aluminum was replaced by cobalt layer with higher thermal conductivity via combining the replacement and subsequent electroless plating methods.Thus the Al@Co core‑shell particles were obtained.The cobalt shell thickness was respectively confirmed as 90,150,200 and 250 nm.Scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,energy dispersion spectrum,vibrating‑sample magnetometer,and thermal tests were conducted.The results show that the cobalt shell is dense and uniform with controllable thickness,and the natural oxidation resistance of the particles rises with the increasing shell thickness.And the particles exhibit typical ferrohysteresis loops,further confirming the presence of ferromagnetic cobalt.Al@Co core‑shell particle with 200 nm‑cobalt coating can fully overcome the endotherm resulting from the melting of aluminum,showing sharp exothermic with the enthalpy energy of 521.40 J·g-1,which is a promising selection of fuel component in novel green primary explosives.

关 键 词：绿色起爆药 Al@Co核壳含能粒子 置换法和化学镀法 壳层厚度可控 高温自蔓延合成反应 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TB3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]