基于导则模型计算的污染地块挥发性有机物空气、土壤气限值研究  

Study on acceptable levels of volatile organic compounds in air and soil gas in contaminated sites based on Guideline model

作　　者：苏燕[1,2,3] 程卫国 李亚斌 孙野 王鑫[1,2,3] 郭传正 侯海盟[1,2,3] 王坚 SU Yan;CHENG Weiguo;LI Yabin;SUN Ye;WANG Xin;GUO Chuanzheng;HOU Haimeng;WANG Jian(Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shenyang 110167,China;National Environmental Engineering Technology Center for Hazardous Waste Treatment,Shenyang 110167,China;Technology Innovation Center for Hazardous Waste Treatment of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110167,China;Shenyang Huanke Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110015,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳环境科学研究院,沈阳110167 [2]国家环境保护危险废物处置工程技术(沈阳)中心,沈阳110167 [3]辽宁省危险废物处置专业技术创新中心,沈阳110167 [4]沈阳环科检测技术有限公司,沈阳110015

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2023年第3期121-129,共9页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1805600);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支撑计划(RC200435,RC210411)。

摘　　要：我国主要采用风险评估导则模型模拟VOCs在污染地块土壤中的扩散迁移和进入室内外暴露点,系统分析模型预测扩散后的气体浓度鲜有研究。文章基于导则模型,研究了31种VOCs的空气允许浓度及对应的土壤气限值。模型计算结果表明,呼吸暴露产生的人体健康风险达到可接受阈值时,VOCs室内空气允许浓度为1.6×10^(−5)~25(居住用地)和2.9×10^(−5)~60 mg/m3(工业用地),部分VOCs室内空气允许浓度远低于室内空气质量标准。VOCs的土壤气-室内空气衰减因子为1.9×10^(−6)~5.6×10^(−5)(居住用地)和8.4×10−7~2.4×10^(−5)(工业用地),低于美国国家环境保护局(US Environmental Protection Agency,EPA)推荐值3~4个数量级;31种VOCs基于蒸气入侵的土壤气筛选值分别为1.3~5.7×10^(5)(居住用地)和5.8~3.0×10^(6) mg/m3(工业用地),较EPA土壤气筛选值高约3~4个数量级,大多数土壤气筛选值高于嗅阈值。研究结果可为VOCs污染地块土壤气筛选值的制定和使用提供参考。The diffusion and migration of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in contaminated soil into indoor and outdoor exposure points were mostly simulated by the models recommended by the Risk Assessment Guideline of Contaminated Sites.However,few studies systematically analyzed the gas concentration predicted by the model.This study calculated the acceptable air concentrations of 31 VOCs and their corresponding screening levels for soil gas.The results showed the corresponding acceptable indoor air concentrations(AIACs)of VOCs were 1.6×10^(−5)~25 mg/m3 under residential land use scenarios,and 2.9×10^(−5)~60 mg/m3 under industrial land use scenarios.The AIACs of some VOCs were much lower than the Indoor Air Quality Standard.The soil gas to indoor air attenuation factors for the 31 VOCs were 1.9×10^(−6)~5.6×10^(−5)(residential land use),and 8.4×10−7~2.4×10^(−5)(industrial land use),which were 3~4 orders of magnitude lower than the values recommended by the US EPA.The screening levels of soil gas considering vapor intrusion were 1.3~5.7×10^(5) mg/m3(residential land use)and 5.8~3.0×10^(6) mg/m3(industrial land use),which were 3~4 orders of magnitude higher than the US EPA’s screening levels.Besides,most of the soil gas screening values derived by the models were over the odor thresholds of the corresponding VOCs.The results of this research could provide a reference for the derivation of soil gas screening levels and handling of soil gas testing results in VOCs-contaminated sites.

关 键 词：污染地块 挥发性有机物 风险评估 蒸气入侵 土壤气 衰减系数 嗅阈值 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]