内隐与外显自信分离对建议采纳的影响:任务复杂度的调节作用  

Implicit/Explicit Self-Confidence Discrepancies and Advice Taking:The Moderating Role of Task Complexity

作　　者：王博[1,2] 刘向萌 毕重增 Wang Bo;Liu Xiangmeng;Bi Chongzeng(Research Center of Psychology and Social Development,Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology,Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences,Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam,Amsterdam,1081BT)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学与社会发展研究中心,心理学部人格发展与社会适应实验室,重庆400715 [2]阿姆斯特丹自由大学行为与运动科学部实验与应用心理学系,阿姆斯特丹1081BT

出　　处：《心理科学》2023年第3期660-667,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金创新团队项目(SWU2009106)的资助。

摘　　要：决策者通过采纳建议可以有效提高决策质量,但是维护自我概念的动机会降低建议采纳。基于此,研究考察了内隐自信和外显自信及其分离程度、分离方向对建议采纳的影响以及任务复杂度的调节作用。实验1为简单任务情境,实验2通过引入与实验报酬直接相关的奖惩机制和建议有偿性,加大决策结果的不确定性和风险性,实现任务情境的复杂化。结果显示:内隐自信和自信分离方向不影响建议采纳,外显自信负向预测建议采纳,自信分离对建议采纳的正向预测作用有随着任务难度的提高而增加的趋势。People frequently encounter advice when making decisions in daily life.Advice is critical to improving decision quality.However,decision-makers are not such receptive to take in advice due to various situational and dispositional factors.Cognitive confidence has been confirmed as one of the most important factors that hinder advice taking,as confident decision-makers are more likely to place more weight on their own initial judgment and disregard others’.Yet,little is known about the impact of dispositional confidence,namely self-confidence on advice taking.Self-confidence,which comprises of both explicit and implicit components resting with the degree of consciousness,is defined as one’s beliefs in his/her ability to handle something(e.g.,task at hand).Thus,from the self-concept maintaining perspective,decision-makers with a high level of self-confidence would be less likely to take advice for maintaining a competent self-view.Following the same logic,task complexity is supposed to be a situational factor that affects how receptive decision-makers are to advice.Specifically,effects of self-concept maintaining motivation would be enhanced as task complexity increases,since the achievement of a complex task is a more credible competence certificate.On the other hand,explicit and implicit self-confidence discrepancies are supposed to impair self-concept maintaining motivation for implicit self-doubt resulted from discrepancies.In this vein,self-concept maintaining motivation would be further weakened in complex task settings and decision-makers would be more likely to share the extra responsibilities and risks with advisors by taking advice.In the current study,we therefore aim to investigate the joint effect of explicit and implicit self-confidence on advice taking,and the moderating role of task complexity.Two experiments were conducted to testify the foregoing hypotheses.Explicit and implicit self-confidence were measured by a self-report questionnaire and the Single Category Implicit Association Te

关 键 词：建议采纳 内隐和外显自信分离 任务复杂度 自我概念维护动机 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]