树脂基复合材料模拟海洋环境长期老化及失效行为  

Long Term Aging and Failure Behaviors of Polymer Composites in Simulated Marine Environments

作　　者：王登霞 谢可勇 刘俊聪 安琪 王新波 钟勇[2] 丁康康 WANG Deng-xia;XIE Ke-yong;LIU Jun-cong;AN Qi;WANG Xin-bo;ZHONG Yong;DING Kang-kang(Shandong Institute of Non-metallic Materials,Jinan 250031,China;Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering,Chongqing 400039,China;725th Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation,Shandong Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东非金属材料研究所,济南250031 [2]西南技术工程研究所,重庆400039 [3]中船重工第七二五研究所,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2023年第6期64-74,共11页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国防技术基础科研项目(JSHS2019209C001,JSHS2019207B001,JSHS2020209B007)。

摘　　要：目的实现高性能树脂基复合材料的环境适应性评价和使用寿命预测。方法选取玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯(GF/197S)与玻璃纤维增强乙烯基脂(GF/905-2)2种树脂基轻质复合材料,开展模拟海洋环境实验室盐雾、湿热和盐水浸泡环境9600 h的加速老化试验。基于4种力学性能(拉伸强度、弯曲强度、压缩强度及层间剪切强度)开展材料老化行为规律研究,利用傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)对树脂基体在3种加速老化环境中的分子链段与官能团变化情况进行分析,得到基体树脂的老化机理。利用外观、超声扫描成像、SEM分析树脂纤维界面的变化情况,明确树脂/纤维界面的失效模式。利用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)与热重分析(TG)分析3种加速老化方式对玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料(GFRPC)的玻璃化转变温度(t_(g))与热质量损失的影响。结果3种老化方式对树脂基体的老化影响顺序依次为70℃/95%RH湿热、35℃盐雾、常温盐水浸泡。结论得到了先进轻质树脂基复合材料的模拟海洋环境老化行为、失效模式以及树脂基体的老化机理,为实现高性能树脂基复合材料的环境适应性评价和使用寿命预测奠定了基础。Two kinds of resin based lightweight composites:glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester(GF/197S)and glass fiber reinforced vinyl ester(GF/905-2)were selected to carry out accelerated tests in simulated marine environment of salt spray aging,hydrothermal aging and salt water immersion for 9600 h in laboratory.The effects of the three aging environments on properties of the GFRPC showed that the failure sequence of the three aging methods on the composites was 70/95%RH℃(relative humidity),35℃salt spray,normal temperature salt water immersion.Deterioration behaviors of GFRPC were studied based on various mechanical properties.The tensile strength,flexural strength,compressive strength and interlaminar shear strength of materials changed significantly with the aging hours.The tensile strength of GF/197S,mainly reflecting reinforced fiber performance,decreased slowly with the aging time,while the compressive and shear properties,which reflected the matrix resin performance,decreased dramatically firstly and then increased with the aging time.For vinyl ester based composites,the tensile properties decreased slowly with the aging time,while the compressive and shear properties maintained firstly and then decreased rapidly with the aging time.Fourier transform attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR)was used to analyze the changes of resin matrix with the aging time.The fracture morphology of tensile failure samples was observed by a camera and analyzed by a SEM.At the same time,the change of resin/fiber interface of the bending destruction sample was de-tected by ultrasonic scanning imaging for the first time.The two detection results clearly showed that the main failure mode in the bending destruction process was resin debonding from fiber.The effects of three accelerated aging methods on the thermal properties of GFRPCs were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetric analysis(TG).The re-sults showed that the decrease of glass transition temperature(t_(g))caused

关 键 词：玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料 模拟老化 力学性能 腐蚀行为 失效模式 不饱和聚酯 乙烯基脂 

分 类 号：TQ322.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]