十八个小麦品种(系)拔节期耐渍性的综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of waterlogging tolerance of 18 wheat varieties at jointing stage

作　　者：余桂红[1] 宋桂成 张鹏[1] 王化敦[1] 范祥云 YU Guihong;SONG Guicheng;ZHANG Peng;WANG Huadun;FAN Xiangyun(Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第6期1235-1242,共8页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家现代农业技术产业技术体系(CARS-03)。

摘　　要：为探明小麦在拔节期的耐渍性,采用盆钵栽培渍水的方法,对18个小麦品种(系)进行拔节期的耐渍性状鉴定和评价。结果表明,11个小麦性状对拔节期渍水胁迫的敏感性为单株产量>有效穗数>主茎绿叶数>分蘖数>叶长>叶绿素含量>主穂总质量>千粒重>株高>主穗穗长>主穗小穗数。用主成分分析法将11个调查性状转化为4个综合指标,4个综合指标的累积贡献率为82.66%。计算4个综合指标的隶属函数值,获得18个品种(系)的耐渍综合评价值(D)为0.14~0.78,平均值为0.55,变异系数为25.40%。用K-means法进行聚类分析,将18个品种(系)分为高度耐渍、耐渍、耐渍性中等、渍敏感和高度渍敏感5类,各类的品种(系)数量分别为1、6、5、5和1个,其中,宁麦23、宁麦21、鄂麦803、华麦18P10、宁麦13、宁1710和漯麦163共7个品种(系)的拔节期耐渍性达到耐渍以上水平。耐渍综合评价值与单株产量、叶绿素含量、株高、主穂总质量、主茎绿叶数的耐渍系数呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关。In order to explore the waterlogging tolerance of wheat at jointing stage,the waterlogging tolerance of 18 wheat varieties(lines)were identified and evaluated by pot cultivation waterlogging method.The results showed that the sensitivity of 11 wheat traits to waterlogging stress during jointing stage was as follows:yield per plant>number of effective panicle>number of green leaves per main shoot>number of tillers>leaf length>chlorophyll content>total weight of main spike>1000-grain weight>plant height>length of main spike>spikelet number per main spike.The 11 investigated traits were transformed into 4 comprehensive indexes by using principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate of the 4 comprehensive indexes was 82.66%.The membership function value of the 4 comprehensive indexes calculated,the comprehensive evaluation values(D)of waterlogging resistance of 18 varieties were distributed between 0.14-0.78 with average value 0.55 and coefficient of variation 25.40%.Through cluster analysis by using K-means method,18 varieties were divided into 5 categories:high resistance(1 variety),resistance(6 varieties),moderate resistance(5 varieties),sensitivity(5 varieties)and high sensitivity(1 variety).There were 7 varieties including Ningmai23,Ningmai21,Emai803,Huamai18P10,Ningmai13,Ning1710 and Luomai163 whose waterlogging tolerance reached the level of resistance or above.The D value of waterlogging tolerance had significant positive correlation with the waterlogging tolerance coefficient of 5 traits including yield per plant,chlorophyll content,plant height,total weight of main spike and number of green leaves per main shoot at P<0.01 level.

关 键 词：小麦 耐渍性 拔节期 耐渍系数 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]