哈茨木霉LTR-2与产脲节杆菌DnL1-1协同对小麦茎基腐病的防治效果与机理  

Biocontrol efficacy and action mechanism of Trichoderma harzianum LTR-2 and Arthrobacter ureafaciens DnL1-1 against crown rot of wheat

作　　者：杨凯[1] 陈凯 李红梅 赵忠娟 扈进冬 李纪顺 杨合同 YANG Kai;CHEN Kai;LI Hongmei;ZHAO Zhongjuan;HU Jindong;LI Jishun;YANG Hetong(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology,Ecology Institute,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250103,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)生态研究所,山东省应用微生物重点实验室,山东济南250103

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第6期1385-1395,共11页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022MC215);校(院)科教产融合试点工程(基础研究类)(2022PX099);校(院)科教产融合试点工程(国际合作项目)(2022GH011);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2020CXGC010805,2020CXGC010803-02);山东省自然科学基金青年基金(ZR2020QC044)。

摘　　要：为明确哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)LTR-2与产脲节杆菌(Arthrobacter ureafaciens)DnL1-1协同对小麦茎基腐病菌的防治效果,以假禾谷镰孢(Fusarium pseudograminearum)为指示菌对2种菌进行对峙培养和盆栽防效等研究;通过菌丝生长、孢子萌发等指标,探讨LTR-2与DnL1-1对病原菌的抑菌机制。结果表明,随着假禾谷镰孢接种浓度逐渐降低,小麦茎基腐病病情指数逐渐降低,各处理对小麦茎基腐病防效差异显著(P<0.05),其中LTR-2+DnL1-1联合接种对小麦茎基腐病的防效最好,对假禾谷镰孢20倍、50倍和100倍稀释液的防效分别为34.7%、50.3%和87.2%。平板对峙试验中,LTR-2+DnL1-1协同与LTR-2单独对假禾谷镰孢的抑菌率均可达100%,2种处理没有显著差异;对峙试验显微结果显示,LTR-2+DnL1-1协同与LTR-2单独均能使假禾谷镰孢菌丝形态发生明显改变,原生质浓缩,隔膜增多和菌丝断裂;LTR-2+DnL1-1共培养与LTR-2单独培养的发酵滤液处理对假禾谷镰孢的菌丝形态均有明显影响,使菌丝膨大畸变,后期只产生分生孢子,几乎不产生厚垣孢子,且显著抑制其分生孢子的萌发。综上所述,DnL1-1和LTR-2对小麦茎基腐病的防效具有协同增效作用,以上结果为两者的联合应用提供了科学依据。To assess the synergism control of Trichoderma harzianum LTR-2 and Arthrobacter ureafaciens DnL1-1 against wheat crown rot.The antimicrobial activities of LTR-2 and DnL1-1 against pathogenic fungus Fusarium pseudograminearum were examined using confrontation culture experiment and disease-control pot experiment.Then the inhibitory mechanism of LTR-2 and DnL1-1 against F.pseudograminearum was studied by measuring mycelial growth and spore germination.The results showed that with the decrease of F.pseudograminearum inoculation concentration,the disease index of wheat crown rot gradually decreased,and the control effects of various treatments on wheat crown rot were significantly(P<0.05)different.Among these treatments,the combined inoculation of LTR-2 and DnL1-1 showed the best control effects on wheat crown rot with the values of 34.7%,50.3%and 87.2%,respectively.In plate confrontation test,the inhibitory rates of LTR-2+DnL1-1 and LTR-2 alone against F.pseudograminearum were both 100%,and there was no significant difference between the two treatments.The microscopic results of confrontation test showed that the morphology of F.pseudograminearum mycelia changed significantly with protoplast condensation,septum increase and mycelium fracture under the effect of LTR-2 alone and LTR-2 and DnL1-1 synergy.The fermentation filtrates of the LTR-2 alone culture and combined culture of LTR-2 and DnL1-1 both had a significant effect on the mycelia morphology of F.pseudograminearum,resulting in mycelial expansion and distortion,and affected the sporulation type,so that only produced conidia,but almost no chlamydospore.In addition,the germination of conidia was inhibited significantly.In conclusion,DnL1-1 had a synergistic effect on the control effect of LTR-2 against wheat crown rot,and the above results afforded scientific basis for the combined application of the two strains.

关 键 词：哈茨木霉 产脲节杆菌 小麦茎基腐病 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]