旅游活动输入岩溶地下河系统的水化学指纹记录  

Effects of tourism activities on hydrochemical fingerprints in the karst underground river system

作　　者：杨睿[1,2] 韩志杰 韩志伟 吴起鑫[1,2,3] 吴攀[1,2,3] 何守阳[1,2,3] YANG Rui;HAN Zhijie;HAN Zhiwei;WU Qixin;WU Pan;HE Shouyang(Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station,Ministry of Education,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州喀斯特环境生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2023年第2期193-206,共14页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41763019和42267014);贵州省自然科学基金项目(黔科合JZ字2006号)。

摘　　要：地下河系统是岩溶地质景观的重要组成部分,利用特殊岩溶地形地貌建立的国家重大科技基础设施成为科研和旅游的胜地。为了解旅游活动对岩溶地下河系统水化学的影响,文章分析了大小井地下河系统入口和出口在不同旅游时段的水化学特征。结果表明:受旅游人数影响,污水水化学变化较大;大小井水化学类型为Ca-HCO_(3)型,水岩相互作用产生的Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和HCO_(3)^(-)从入口到出口逐渐增加,而人类活动输入的K^(+)、Na^(+)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)和SO_(4)^(2-)则表现出差异性特征。小井地下河系统因受沿途城镇生活排放污水和农业活动影响,水化学波动较大,出口K^(+)、Na^(+)、Cl^(-)和NO_(3)^(-)升高;大井地下河虽受旅游活动输入影响,但K^(+)、Na^(+)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)和SO_(4)^(2-)随着地下径流长度增加而降低。HFE-D和Gibbs模型以及离子比例系数分析显示,地下河系统受到了城镇生活排放、旅游和农业等人类活动输入的影响,这一现象应引起足够的重视。The underground river system is the main carrier of water resources and an important source of urban and rural water supply in karst areas,and is also an essential element of karst geological wonders.Nowadays,people are showing the increasing preference for the cultural tourism integrated with science and technology.Meanwhile,the Fivehundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope(FAST),a significant national science and technology infrastructure built at the special topography of karst,has become an aspiring destination for astronomy and tourism enthusiasts.However,pollutants from tourism activities will easily affect the water quality of underground river through the surface runoff via sinkholes,shafts and cracks.Using hydrochemical facies diagram(HFE-D),Gibbs models and coefficients of ion ratio,we have analyzed the characteristics and changes in water chemistry of wastewater from the tourist attraction and from the Dajing and Xiaojing underground river systems during different tourism periods in order to understand the periodic,concentrated and sudden effects of tourism activities on the water chemistry of underground river systems.The results show that:(1)The pH and conductivity values of the sewage from the tourist attraction varied little during the May Day holiday,ranging from 7.57 to 7.84 and 540.00 to 761.00 mS·cm^(−1),respectively.The sewage pH values during the National Day holiday ranged from 7.66 to 7.95 with an average value of 7.78;however,the conductivity varied greatly from 488.00 to 934.50 mS·cm^(−1).The water chemistry type of sewage is Ca−HCO_(3),and the values of K^(+),Na^(+),Cl^(−)and subject to tourism activities fluctuated greatly.Their maximum values appeared on May 2 to May 3 and October 2 to October 4,which is consistent with the increasing number of tourists in the peak period of tourism.Compared with Dajing and Xiaojing underground river systems,increases of Na^(+),K^(+)and Cl^(−)in the Durov diagram are responsible for domestic discharge and input from disinfection of C

关 键 词：岩溶地下河系统 地下水 水化学指纹 旅游活动 贵州 

分 类 号：P641.134[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]