淹水时期与天数对大豆生长性状和产量的影响  

Effect of Flooding Period and Days on the Growth Traits and Yield of Soybean

作　　者：王本来 俞建河 曹秀清[2] 沈涛[2] WANG Ben-lai;YU Jian-he;CAO Xiu-qing(Tianchang Erfeng Electric Power Irrigation Station,Tianchang,Anhui 239300;Anhui Provincial Institute of Water Resources Science,Bengbu,Anhui 233000)

机构地区：[1]天长市二峰电力灌溉总站,安徽天长239300 [2]安徽省水利科学研究院,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第11期174-177,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：分别于2017、2020和2021年采用有底测坑试验模拟大田条件下不同生育期各淹水天数的涝渍环境,分析不同生育期淹水天数对大豆生长发育及产量性状的影响。结果表明,苗期和分枝开花期淹水会降低大豆株高、减小大豆茎粗。生长期淹水会降低大豆LAI,尤其苗期淹水对LAI的影响最大,其次是分枝开花期、鼓粒期和结荚期。大豆分枝开花期和结荚期淹水对产量影响最大,其次为苗期和鼓粒期,当结荚期淹水超过4 d,苗期、分枝开花期和鼓粒期淹水超过6 d,均会造成显著减产。该研究可为大豆农田排水方案的合理制定、洪涝灾害损失的评估以及抗灾减灾能力的提高提供参考。In 2017,2020 and 2021,a bottomed test pit was used to simulate the waterlogging environment of different growth stages and flooded days under field conditions,and the impact of flooded days during different growth stages on soybean growth and yield traits was analyzed.The results indicated that flooding during the seedling and branching flowering stages could reduce soybean plant height and stem diameter.Flooding during the growth stage could reduce soybean LAI,especially during the seedling stage,which had the greatest impact on LAI,followed by the branching and flowering stage,bulging stage,and podding stage.Flooding during the branching and flowering stages of soybean had the greatest impact on yield,followed by the seedling and bulging stages.When flooding during the podding stage exceeded 4 days,and flooding during the seedling,branching and flowering stages and bulging stages exceeded 6 days,significant yield reduction could be caused.This study can provide reference for the rational formulation of drainage plans for soybean farmland,the assessment of flood losses,and the improvement of disaster resistance and reduction capabilities.

关 键 词：大豆 淹水时期 淹水历时 生长发育 产量性状 

分 类 号：S276.1[农业科学—农业水土工程] S565.1[农业科学—农业工程]