被动吸烟行为特征对非吸烟者心血管代谢异常的影响  

The effects of passive smoking behaviors on cardiovascular metabolism in nonsmokers

作　　者：葛晗 单安琪 闫梦璠 樊嵘 李宏伟 刘勇[2] 杨学礼 汤乃军 GE Han;SHAN Anqi;YAN Mengfan;FAN Rong;LI Hongwei;LIU Yong;YANG Xueli;TANG Naijun(Department of Occupational and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,天津300070 [2]天津市西青医院,天津300380

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2023年第5期354-357,362,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：天津市西青医院科联体项目(XQYYKLT201901)。

摘　　要：目的了解天津市非吸烟者被动吸烟行为特征与心血管代谢异常的关联,为心血管疾病的防治提供科学依据。方法选取2019—2020年在天津市西青医院健康查体的非吸烟者3298人为研究对象,进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,调查的被动吸烟行为特征包括是否存在被动吸烟及同吸烟者共同居住的情况。采用SPSS 23.0软件进行t检验、χ^(2)检验、多重线性回归分析和多因素logistic回归分析。结果3298名非吸烟者中,与吸烟者共同居住者占25.6%,被动吸烟者占31.9%,心血管代谢异常者占44.0%。与吸烟者共同居住者和未与吸烟者共同居住者的心血管代谢异常率分别为40.8%和45.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。被动吸烟者与无被动吸烟者的心血管代谢异常率分别为43.1%和44.3%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,在调整年龄、性别、婚姻状况、体质指数和是否饮酒后,与吸烟者共同居住与甘油三酯(β=0.09,95%CI:0.01~0.18)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(β=0.06,95%CI:0.00~0.12)呈正相关,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关(β=-0.02,95%CI:-0.04~0.00),均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,调整混杂因素后,与吸烟者共同居住(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.01~1.52)、被动吸烟(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.03~1.50)均与血脂异常患病高风险相关;且与共同居住累计时长为1~19年人群相比,与吸烟者共同居住时间≥30年的人群血脂异常(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.07~3.25)和心血管代谢异常(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.04~2.79)的患病风险更高,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论非吸烟者暴露于被动吸烟环境会增加血脂异常的患病风险,应积极推动无烟环境的建设,保护公民免受烟草危害。Objective To understand the relationship between passive smoking behaviors and cardiovascular metabolism disorders in Tianjin,and provide the basis for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Methods The subjects were 3298 nonsmokers attending physical examinations in Tianjin Xiqing Hospital from 2019 to 2020.The investigation was performed with questionnaire,physical examinations and laboratory tests.Passive smoking behaviors included whether passive smoking existed and whether subjects lived with smokers or not.The t test,χ^(2)test,multiple linear regression and multiple factor binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data.The used software was SPSS 23.0.Results Of the 3298 non-smokers,25.6%lived with smokers,31.9%were passive smokers,44.0%had cardiovascular metabolism disorders.There was significant difference of cardiovascular metabolism abnormal rate between nonsmokers living with smokers(40.8%)and nonsmokers living without smokers(45.1%),P<0.05.There was no significant difference of cardiovascular metabolism abnormal rate between passive smokers(43.1%)and non-passive smokers(44.3%),P>0.05.The multiple linear regression showed that after adjusting age,sex,marital status,body mass index,and drinking alcohol or not,living with smokers correlated positively to triglyceride(β=0.09,95%CI:0.01-0.18)and low density lipoprotein cholesterin(β=0.06,95%CI:0.00-0.12),and correlated negatively to high density lipoprotein cholesterol(β=-0.02,95%CI:-0.04-0.00),P<0.05.The multiple factor binary logistic regression showed that after adjusting confounding factors,living with smokers(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.01-1.52)and passitive smoking(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.03-1.50)related to high risk of dyslipidemia;as compared with nonsmokers,living with smokers for 1-19 years,the risk of dyslipidemia(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.07-3.25)and cardiovascular metabolism abnormality(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.04-2.79)in nonsmokers living with smokers for≥30 years was much higher(P<0.05).Conclusion The exposure to passive smoking among nonsmokers can in

关 键 词：与吸烟者共同居住 被动吸烟 心血管代谢异常 血脂异常 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]