新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情及疫苗大规模应急接种对儿童家长常规免疫观念和体验的影响  

Impact of COVID-19 epidemic and large-scale emergency vaccination on the concept and experience of routine immunization among children's parents

作　　者：倪莉红[1] 张春焕[1] 卢惠溪 云雪霞[1] 谭慧峰[1] 王大虎[1] 洪觉新 NI Lihong;ZHANG Chunhuan;LU Huixi;YUN Xuexia;TAN Huifeng;WANG Dahu;HONG Juexin(Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Institute of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangdong 510440,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心/广州医科大学公共卫生研究院,广东510440 [2]花都区疾病预防控制中心 [3]广州市黄埔区萝岗街社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2023年第5期423-428,共6页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国自然基金项目(82273682);广州市医学重点学科(2021-2023-11);广东省医学科研基金(A2020192)。

摘　　要：目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情和疫苗大规模应急接种对儿童家长免疫接种观念和体验的影响。方法2021年5月6日至2021年6月20日,在广州市预防接种服务手机软件(APP)上采用问卷调查方式,对4171名儿童家长进行在线调查。结果1911名(45.8%)对疫情期间暂停常规免疫措施表示赞同,1508名(36.2%)表示新冠肺炎疫情期间,即使预防接种门诊未停诊也会主动推迟儿童免疫接种;对恢复接种后,接种单位的防护措施、现场秩序和服务质量表示满意的分别为2959名(70.9%)、2558名(61.3%)和2399名(57.5%);3437名(82.4%)表示新冠肺炎疫情增强其对预防接种的重视程度,1415名(33.9%)儿童家长表示预防接种门诊停诊减弱其对预防接种及时性的重视,1380名(33.1%)儿童家长对“暂缓接种不会影响免疫效果”的观点表示认可。相对于学历较高(大学及以上)、幼龄和年轻儿童家长,中等学历(指大学以下)、大龄和年龄稍长儿童家长,对接种单位在疫情期间采取的暂停预防接种门诊,及恢复接种期间采取的各项防护措施满意度相对较高,认为现场秩序和接种服务质量较前提高,其对新冠肺炎疫情的敏感性更高,倾向主动推迟接种,对预防接种重要性和及时性更重视,易受新冠肺炎疫情和停诊的影响。新冠肺炎疫情和恢复接种后接种单位的控制措施,造成1882名(45.1%)儿童存在常规疫苗脱漏,前3位原因为门诊只有预约号但预约不到、门诊减少日接种量及门诊停诊。结论广州市儿童家长对预防接种门诊在新冠肺炎疫情期间和恢复接种后的各项防控措施满意度为中等偏上,新冠肺炎疫情和预防接种门诊停诊对广州市儿童家长的免疫观念和行为产生双向影响,部分家长增加其对免疫接种的重视程度,少部分家长减弱其对预防接种及时性的重视程度,提示接种单位需合理安排工作人员和接种时间,缓解因新冠Objective To understand the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic and mass emergency vaccination on parents'perception and experience of immunization.Methods From May 6,2021 to June 20,2021,an online questionnaire survey was conducted among 4171 parents of children using the mobile APP of vaccination service in Guangzhou.Results Of all the respondents,1911 of them(45.8%)agreed with the suspension of routine immunization measures during the COVID-19 epidemic,and 1508 respondents(36.2%)would actively postpone child immunization even if the vaccination clinic was not stopped during the COVID-19 epidemic.2959(70.9%),2558(61.3%)and 2399(57.5%)respondents were satisfied with the protective measures,on-site order and service quality after the resumption of vaccination,respectively.3437 respondents(82.4%)indicated that the COVID-19 epidemic had enhanced their attention to vaccination.A total of 1415(33.9%)parents of children said that the discontinuation of vaccination clinics weakened their attention to the timeliness of vaccination,and 1380(33.1%)parents agreed that“the postponement of vaccination will not affect the vaccination effect”.Compare to parents with higher education(university or above),parents with young children,parents with secondary education(below university),and parents with older children who were older in age themselves were relatively satisfied with the various protective measures taken by vaccination units during the period of suspension of vaccination clinics and the resumption of vaccination.They believed that the field order and the quality of vaccination service were improved.They were more sensitive to the COVID-19 epidemic and tend to actively delay vaccination.They pay more attention to the importance and timeliness of vaccination,and were vulnerable to the impact of COVID-19 epidemic and medical suspension.Due to the COVID-19 epidemic and the control measures after the resumption of vaccination,1882(45.1%)children missed routine vaccination.The top three reasons were that

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 疫情 疫苗 大规模应急接种 常规免疫 免疫观念 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]