西门塔尔牛及其杂交牛的经济类型划分与应用  

Economic-type Classification of Simmental Cattle and Its Hybrids and Application

作　　者：杨洋 和嘉荣 刘丽仙[1] 刘绍贵 亐开兴 YANG Yang;HE Jiarong;LIU Lixian;LIU Shaogui;QU Kaixing(Yunnan Vocational College of Agriculture,Kunming 650212,China;Chuxiong Normal University,Chuxiong,YUnan 675000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业职业技术学院,昆明650212 [2]楚雄师范学院,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《草食家畜》2023年第3期1-5,共5页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：云南省创新引导与科技型企业培育计划(202204BI090001);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0830);云南农业职业技术学院校级项目(Ynavc202115);全国第三次畜禽遗传资源普查专项。

摘　　要：【目的】BPI值是用于反应一个牛品种或类群的成年体重与体高的比值,BPI值越大,其肉用性能越高。2021年底云南省肉牛存栏达870万余头,突破了千亿产值,发展势头强劲,以西门塔尔牛及其杂交后代占据了主要存出栏量,贡献最大。【方法】本文通过可量化的BPI值进行西门塔尔牛及其杂交牛的经济类型划分,并比较和分析了云南省部分牛品种的BPI值差异。【结果】在比较的牛品种中,以短角牛最高(BPI=5.47),安格斯和西门塔尔牛次之(BPI=4.91和BPI=4.60),西门塔尔牛及其杂交牛、云岭牛及其杂交牛BPI值达到肉用型指标(BPI≥3.90),迪庆牛最小(BPI=1.76);而云南黄牛BPI值普遍偏小,除了文山牛(BPI=2.80)属于役肉兼用型外,云南黄牛、独龙牛均为役用型牛。【结论】本研究为今后开展地方牛品种选育和保护利用提供了科学依据。【Objetive】BPI(beef purpose index)is used to reflect the ratio of body weight to height for adult cattle of one breed or group,the larger the BPI value,the higher its meat performance.By the end of 2021,the amount of beef cattle on hand reached more than 8.7 million in Yunnan,breaking through the output of RMB 100 billion Yuan,with a strong trend of development.Specifically,Simmental cattle and its hybrids accounted for the main population,making the largest market contribution.【Methods】In this paper,the economic types of Simmental cattle and its hybrids were divided by the measurable BPI,and the BPI differences of some cattle breeds in Yunnan were compared and analyzed.【Results】The results showed that the BPI was the highest in Shorthorn cow(BPI=5.47)in the related breeds,followed by Angus and Simmental cattle(BPI=4.91 and BPI=4.60),while the BPIs of Simmental cattle and its hybrids,Yunling cattle and its hybrids reached the meat type value(BPI≥3.90),and the BPI of Diqing cattle was the lowest(BPI=1.76).Except Wenshan cattle(BPI=2.80),belonged to power-meat type,the BPIs of Yunnan Yellow cattle were generally lower,and Yunnan Yellow cattle and Dulong cattle belonged to power type.【Conclusion】The study provided some scientific basis for cattle breeding,protection and utilization of local cattle breeds in the future.

关 键 词：西门塔尔牛 BPI 品种选育 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]