传统与理性主义政治的批判——论奥克肖特“传统”概念的三重面向  

Tradition and Criticism of Rationalism in Politics--On the Three Meanings of Michael Oakeshott’s Concept of Tradition

作　　者：耿玉娥 Geng Yu’e

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系(珠海)

出　　处：《政治思想史》2023年第2期122-136,199,共16页Journal of the History of Political Thought

摘　　要：奥克肖特的“传统”概念,首先代表其认识论相关的思维方式,并基于此展现出知识和实践的面向。认识源于经验自身,是不断获得更大融贯性经验整体的探索过程,没有确定的起点和终点。然而,理性主义政治将确定的技术知识即政治意识形态视为政治活动的明确起点和最终目标,忽视包含偶然因素的传统知识和行为传统。实际上,“传统”反映了奥克肖特主张的融贯性和整体性思维方式,这也是他批判理性主义政治的深层原因。Michael Oakeshott’s concept of tradition primarily means a way of thinking based on his epistemology,which develops the meanings of knowledge and practice orientation.Cognition is an exploration process to continuously obtain a greater coherence of experience,which originates from experience itself without definite starting and end point.However,rationalists in politics regard technical knowledge with certainty and regularity,namely political ideology,as the clear starting point and only ultimate goal of political activities.And,traditional knowledge and tradition of behavior without certainty and regularity are neglected and denied.But,they reflect the coherent and holistic way of thinking advocated by Oakeshott,which is the underlying reason for his criticism of rationalism in politics.

关 键 词：奥克肖特 传统知识 行为传统 理性主义政治 

分 类 号：D091[政治法律—政治学]