不同加工方式切割烧结钕铁硼磁体的表面微观形貌和粗糙度研究  

Study on Surface Morphology and Roughness of Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnets Cutting by Different Processing Methods

作　　者：元云岗 程星华[1] 张昕[1] 霍思媛 YUAN Yungang;CHENG Xinghua;ZHANG Xin;HUO Siyuan(Advanced Technology&Materials Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]安泰科技股份有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《材料研究与应用》2023年第3期572-578,共7页Materials Research and Application

摘　　要：采用电花火加工、电镀金刚石线和内圆锯片切割钕铁硼材料,分析电火花加工、电镀金刚石线和内圆锯片切割对烧结钕铁硼磁体的微观形貌和表面粗糙度的影响。利用SJ-410粗糙度仪、JMS-6010LA型扫描电子显微镜,对不同加工方式的切割工具的微观形貌、磁体的表面微观形貌及表面粗糙度进行表征。结果表明:电火花加工材料的去除方式为熔化、气化和热应力,内圆锯片和电镀金刚线的材料去除方式为塑性去除和塑性变形;在不同加工方式和切割速度条件下,电火花加工表面粗糙度最高达到了7.5μm;在0.15 mm∙min^(-1)切割速度下,电镀金刚石线的材料外形规则并呈球状,切割以面与面切削,单位应力小,金刚石压入深度小,粗糙度最小;在高切割速度下,电镀金刚石线的往复运动存在线锯切割换向,对工件会产生较大的正应力,表面粗糙度值高于内圆锯片。Sintered Nd-Fe-B materials were cut by electrical discharge machining(EDM),electroplated diamond wire and internal saw blade,and the morphology and surface roughness of sintered NdFeB magnets cut by EDM,electroplated diamond wire and inner circular saw blade were analyzed.The micro-morphology of cutting tools,surface microscopic morphology and surface roughness of magnets with different processing methods were characterized by using SJ-410 roughness meter and JMS-6010LA scanning electron microscope.The results show that the material etching modes of EDM are melting,gasification and thermal stress.The material etching methods of EDM are melting,vaporization and thermal stress;the material removal methods of inner circular saw blade and plastic deformation.Under different processing methods and cutting speed conditions,the surface roughness of EDM was the highest,and the Ra reaching 7.5μm.At 0.15 mm·min^(-1 )cutting speed,the diamond shape of electroplated diamond wire was regular and spherical,and the cutting was face-to-face,and the roughness was smallest.At high cutting speed,the reciprocating motion of electroplated diamond wire has a reversal of the wire saw,which will produce greater normal stress on the workpiece,and the surface roughness value is higher than that of the internal saw blade.

关 键 词：电火花加工 电镀金刚石线 内圆锯片 烧结钕铁硼 表面微观形貌 表面粗糙度 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]