三倍体‘龙园洋红梨’F1代不同倍性群体叶片特征分析  

Analysis of Leaf Characteristics of Different Ploidy F1 Generation Seedlings from Triploid‘Longyuan Yanghong Pear’

作　　者：马文尧 王晓祥[1] 任爱华[1] 韩继龙[1] 王天鹤 侯睿宁 肖丽珍[1] MA Wen-yao;WANG Xiao-xiang;REN Ai-hua;HAN Ji-long;WANG Tian-he;HOU Rui-ning;XIAO Li-zhen(Horticultural Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Harbin 150069,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《北方果树》2023年第4期17-20,共4页Northern Fruits

基　　金：国家梨产业技术体系哈尔滨综合试验站项目(CARS-28-32)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同倍性材料的叶片特征,以‘龙园洋红梨’(三倍体)F1代实生苗群体为试材,研究不同倍性F1群体的叶部特征,包括面积大小,叶片形状、叶基形状、叶尖形状、叶缘特征、叶裂情况、叶面状态等。结果表明,三倍体叶面积明显大于非整倍体,大于二倍体。F1群体中叶片形状以卵圆形、椭圆形为主,占94.69%。叶基部截形和心形为主,叶尖部渐尖和急尖基本持平,叶缘单锯齿和复锯齿基本持平,三倍体叶色均为深,叶面状态多种多样。因此得出结论,叶面积大小、叶片颜色可以作为三倍体F1群体三倍体鉴定的形态学指标。而叶片形状、叶基形状、叶尖形状、锯齿形状、裂刻情况、叶面状态等不能作为形态学指标。同时对这一结果的遗传基础进行探讨。In order to explore the leaf characteristics of different ploidy materials,the F1 seedling population of‘Longyuan Yanghong Pear’(triploid)was used as the test material,the leaf characteristics of annual different ploidy F1 generation seedlings,including leaf size,leaf shape,leaf base shape,leaf apex shape,leaf margin incisions,leaf fissure,and leaf surface,were studied,in order to improve the efficiency of identifying ploidy of the triploid pear offspring seedlings.It showed that the leaf area of triploid pear seedlings was significantly larger than that of aneuploid and larger than that of diploid.In the triploid seedlings,the leaf shape was predominantly ovate and elliptical,accounting for 94.69%of the total.The leaf base was predominantly truncate and heart-shaped.Gradually tine and long rapid tine at leaf apex were basically flat.Single serrate and biserrate at leaf margin incisions were basically flat.Leaves of triploid seedlings were dark in color.Leaf surface was different.So we come to the conclusion that leaf area size and leaf color can be used as morphological indicators for identification of triploid F1 offspring seedlings.The leaf shape,leaf base shape,leaf apex shape,leaf margin incisions,crack condition and leaf surface cannot be used as morphological indicators.Furthermore,the genetic basis of this result was explored in this paper.

关 键 词：梨 三倍体 F1代群体 叶部特征 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]