节肢动物毒素研究进展  

Research progress of arthropod toxins

作　　者：刘亚祺 任振涛 薛堃[1,2] LIU Yaqi;REN Zhentao;XUE Kun(Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment in Ethnic Areas of The State Ethnic Affairs Commission,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China;College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族地区生态环境国家民委重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《生物资源》2023年第2期134-146,共13页Biotic Resources

基　　金：民族地区生态环境国家民委重点实验室(中央民族大学)自主课题资助(KLEEMA202102)。

摘　　要：节肢动物(arthropod)是动物界中种类数量最多、分布范围最广的类群,现存110万~120万种。节肢动物毒素具有较强的生物学活性及独特的作用机制,其毒素分子能够作用于离子通道、细胞膜、受体和酶等靶点,影响神经、循环、免疫、肌肉等系统,从而进行快速、高效的捕食和防御。本文总结了有毒节肢动物毒素的来源、成分及作用靶点等信息,重点综述了毒素作用机制的分子基础,以及毒素参与的捕食、防御和趋避等生物学作用。Arthropods are the most diverse and widely distributed group in the animal kingdom,with 1.1~1.2 mil⁃lion existing species.Arthropod toxins have strong biological activities and distinctive mechanisms of action,and their toxin molecules can act on ion channels,cell membranes,receptors and enzymes,affecting nervous,circulatory,immune and muscular systems,enabling rapid and efficient predation and defense.The sources,components and targets of arthro⁃pod toxins are summarized,focusing on the molecular basis of toxin mechanisms and the biological roles of toxins in preda⁃tion,defense and avoidance.

关 键 词：节肢动物 毒素 作用机制 生物学作用 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]