内蒙古荒漠药用种子植物资源多样性研究  

Study on the diversity of desert medicinal seed plant resources in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：杨锋[1,2] 郭建英 刘海龙[3] 赵学勇 杨振奇 刘艳萍[1,2] YANG Feng;GUO Jianying;LIU Hailong;ZHAO Xueyong;YANG Zhenqi;LIU Yanping(Yinshanbeilu National Field Research Station of Desert Steppe Eco-hydrological System,China Institute of Water Resourees and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Water Resourees for pastoral Area Ministry of Water Resourees,Hohhot 010019,Inner Mongolia,China;Erdos Solid Waste and Soil Ecological Environment Technology Center,Erdos 017000,Inner Mongolia,China;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院内蒙古阴山北麓荒漠草原生态水文野外科学观测研究站,北京100038 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]鄂尔多斯市固体废物与土壤生态环境技术中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [4]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《生物资源》2023年第2期153-163,共11页Biotic Resources

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项:中国荒漠主要植物群落调查(2017FY100206)。

摘　　要：本研究对内蒙古荒漠药用植物资源进行统计分析,以期为药用植物资源开发利用提供一定的理论依据,通过野外调查结合相关文献整理,分析药用植物资源特征。结果表明:内蒙古荒漠药用种子植物有66科190属285种,大多是草本和灌木,以中生类型为主,旱生与湿生类型均有存在,生态幅度较为广,同时具有明显的荒漠特征。不同的生活型与生态水分类型在功能类型上主要发挥清热的功效,同时存在一定的差异。药用植物资源在药用性能及药用部位表现为多样性,具有一定的开发潜力;从药性分析,以寒性为主;从药味分析苦味药、甘味药及辛味药是主要组成部分;从功能类型分析,可划分成19类,主要发挥清热的功效。药用植物资源用途多样性,有极大的经济价值,包括重点药用植物5种,濒危保护植物15种。建议加强对药用植物的科学研究,加大对药用植物的监管保护力度,合理开发荒漠药用植物资源,促进荒漠产业发展。This study makes a statistical analysis of the desert medicinal plant resources in Inner Mongolia in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of medicinal plant resources.The characteristics of medici⁃nal plant resources were analyzed through field investigation and relevant literature.The results showed that there are 285 species,190 genera,66 families of medicinal seed plants in Inner Mongolia desert.Most of them are herbs and shrubs,mainly mesophytic type,and both xerophytic and hygrophytic types exist,with a wide ecological range.At the same time,they have obvious desert characteristics.Different life forms and ecological water types mainly play the role of clear⁃ing heat in functional types,and there are some differences.The medicinal plant resources showed diversity in medicinal properties and medicinal parts,and have certain development potential.According to the analysis of drug properties,the cold nature is the main part.According to the analysis of drug taste,bitter medicine,sweet medicine and acrid medicine are the main components.According to the analysis of functional types,they can be divided into 19 categories,which mainly play the role of clearing heat.The medicinal plant resources have diverse uses and great economic value,including 5 key medicinal plants and 15 endangered protected plants.It is necessary to strengthen the scientific research on medicinal plants,strengthen the supervision and protection of medicinal plants,rationally develop desert medicinal plant resourc⁃es and promote the development of desert industry.

关 键 词：荒漠药用植物 多样性 药用性能 药性药味 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]